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art:21
art in the twenty-first century the series the artists education events discuss

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Technology & Systems
overview

Lesson 1 | Summary

Introduction
Activities
Objectives
Critical Questions
Reflection & Evaluation
Standards
Going Further

Activity Pages
Systems & Creativity
The Presence of Time
The Power of Repetition
Bodies as Machines
Narrative Structures
Freedom & Constraint
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detail of Celmins artwork
Artwork Survey
SLIDESHOW | CELMINS
detail of Celmins artwork
“Untitled (Big Sea #1)”
ARTWORK | CELMINS
lesson 1 | systems & styles
activity | the presence of time

Time Period: Long-term project
Materials: Student journals or paper, pens, drawing materials, or computers with software for combining text and image
Art:21 Film Time (Vija Celmins segment)
Web Clips: Celmins—Night Skies
Celmins—Ocean Waves
Interview: Celmins—Building Surfaces
Slideshow: Celmins—Artwork Survey

The artist Vija Celmins often labors over a single painting, drawing, or print for years. Revisiting the work repeatedly, she focuses on not only the particular details that create the composition, but the way the image takes shape as an entire surface. In taking this time, Celmins develops a relationship with the art that she creates which reflects a particular intimacy and detail. Ask students to consider how the element of time contributes to a work of art and how a work of art changes when it has been labored over for years or created over shorter periods of time. Ask them to discuss how their work changes when they are aware that they have more or less time to complete it. Does more time always provide more freedom in the creative process? Can time be restrictive or limiting?

Familiarize students with Celmins' work using the links listed above. View specific images such as “Untitled (Big Sea #1)” and “Untitled #13” to focus your discussion. Based on this introduction, ask students to describe Celmins work, her working process, how her work reflects the order, discipline, and structure of her working process.

Ask students to consider how certain writing forms and works of literature integrate the element of time—both as its subject as well as in the process of its creation. In your discussion consider time-based genres including writing that is historical, futuristic, or includes the theme of time-travel. In addition, include the idea of the passage of time in literature such as “One Hundred Years of Solitude” by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, and stories that begin "Once upon a time."

Ask students to write a poem or creative writing piece on the theme of time in one minute. Then have them write a second poem or creative writing piece in one hour. Finally, have students create a final rendition of the work over the course of an entire semester. How do the final works change with less or more time? How does the structure of creating the work change?
detail of Gallagher artwork
The Power of Repetition
Systems & Style | Activity
the next activity for this lesson

The Power of Repetition
This activity looks at the different ways that the artists Ellen Gallagher, Bruce Nauman, and Paul Pfeiffer use repetition as a structure or system in their work. Students will compare these artists’ use of repetition and explore the use of the loop in selected literature and their own creative writing.

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