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| 1837 | | | | | Queen Victoria comes to the throne. |
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| 1839 | | | | | First Opium War in China. |
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| 1840 | | | | | Marriage of Queen Victoria to Prince Albert; Penny post starts; Annexation of New Zealand. |
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| 1842 | | | | | Opening of the Great Western railway. |
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| 1840s | | | | | Railway mania hits Britain. |
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| 1842 | | | | | Attempted assassination of Queen Victoria. |
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| 1845 | | | | | Potato famine hits Ireland. |
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| 1846 | | | | | Corn Laws are abolished. |
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| 1848 | | | | | Revolutions break out across Europe. |
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| 1850 | | | | | The first public libraries open. |
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| 1851 | | | | | Great exhibition opens in Crystal Palace. |
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| 1852 | | | | | Britain annexes Burma. |
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| 1854-1856 | | | | | The Crimean War. |
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| 1855 | | | | | Livingstone discovers and names the Victoria Falls on Africa's Zambezi River. |
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| 1856 | | | | | Victoria Cross is created to reward bravery in battle. |
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| 1857 | | | | | The Indian Mutiny happens; the Second Opium War in China occurs. |
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| 1858 | | | | | The London Omnibus company is founded. |
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| 1859 | | | | | Darwin's On the Origin of Species is published. |
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| 1860 | | | | | The navy launches its iron warships. |
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| 1861 | | | | | Prince Albert dies from typhoid; Civil War begins in America. |
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| 1867 | | | | | Diamonds are discovered in South Africa; The second Reform Act is passed. |
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| 1869 | | | | | The Suez Canal is opened in Egypt. |
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| 1871 | | | | | Henry Morton Stanley finds Livingstone in Africa. |
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| 1873 | | | | | Asante war occurs on the Gold Coast. |
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| 1876 | | | | | Christians are massacred in Turkish Bulgaria; Disraeli becomes Earl of Beaconsfield; First telephone call made by Alexander Graham Bell. |
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| 1877 | | | | | Queen Victoria made Empress of India; The first Wimbledon tennis championships are played. |
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| 1879 | | | | | The Zulu War occurs in Africa, with British army defeated and humiliated at Isandhlwana); Britain invades Afghanistan. |
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| 1880 | | | | | The first Boer War. |
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| 1881 | | | | | Boers defeat British in Boer War; Wales bans drinking on Sunday; Parnell is sent to prison in Ireland. |
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| 1884-1885 | | | | | Berlin Conference ends the scramble for Africa; Third Reform Act passed by Parliament. |
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| 1885 | | | | | The Fall of Khartoum; The motor car is invented; The Indian National Congress is started in Bombay to help Indians play a larger role in the government of their country, which is under British rule. |
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| 1886 | | | | | Gold is discovered in South Africa's Transvaal. |
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| 1888 | | | | | Match girls' strike; Jack the Ripper terrorizes London. |
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| 1890 | | | | | Cecil Rhodes becomes prime minister of Cape Colony. |
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| 1892 | | | | | Kier Hardie becomes first Labor Party MP. |
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| 1894 | | | | | Rudyard Kipling writes The Jungle Book. |
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| 1896 | | | | | The British invade Sudan; Kaiser sends a telegram to Rhodes regarding the Jameson Raid; Invention of X-ray photographs. |
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| 1897 | | | | | Queen Victoria's Jubliee. |
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| 1898 | | | | | The Boxer Rebellion happens in China. |
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| 1899 | | | | | The Boer War. |
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| 1900 | | | | | Sigmund Freud publishes the Interpretation of Dreams. |
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| 1901 | | | | | Queen Victoria dies. |
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