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      <title>XChange - The NBR Blog</title>
      <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/</link>
      <description>XChange is Nightly Business Report&apos;s Blog.  Stop by the XChange to read what NBR&apos;s reporters, producers, and achors have to say about a variety of business news topics.  Some of the XChange&apos;s &quot;hot&quot; topics include energy, real estate, investing, technology, and goverment regulation.  Once you&apos;ve read the entries from NBR&apos;s authors, post your comments.  </description>
      <language>en</language>
      <copyright>Copyright 2008</copyright>
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            <item>
         <title>Pain at the Pump - More Pain to Look Forward To</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Stephanie Dhue" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/s_dhue.jpg" width="93" height="119"/>There is a lot of focus on how individuals are feeling the pain at the pump, but I think less thought has been given to the pain state and local governments are feeling.  As I was reminded while preparing my report for NBR's upcoming "Pain at the Pump" series, the combination of higher costs and lower property tax revenue is going to end up costing taxpayers either through higher taxes or reduced services.  It’s hard enough to make ends meet these days, so that’s not something I’m looking forward to.  </p>

<p>My family budget is already tightening.  I cringe every time I drive by a gas station, thinking I should fill up before the price goes up again.  I already take public transportation (those fares have increased, too).  We’ve reduced going out to eat.  I plan my routes and don’t take unnecessary trips.  It’s getting harder to save.  My local government is raising property taxes, and the schools have cut back on planned programs.  There was talk of cutting the bus to my daughter’s school, but that didn’t happen this time.  The state coffers are running dry too, and the legislature is considering new fees.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/pain_at_the_pump_more_pain_to.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/pain_at_the_pump_more_pain_to.html</guid>
         <category>Stephanie Dhue, Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 15 May 2008 16:47:39 -0500</pubDate>
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            <item>
         <title>Considering the Cost of Food</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Suzanne Pratt" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/pratt.gif" width="96" height="115"/>If you're like me, you may have certain items you look at it in the grocery store which help measure whether the store is well-priced or over-priced. For me, my kids' favorite box of corn muffins is one such item. Now, with the rising cost of ingredients that go into those muffins, I wonder if they're still a good measure. The price of milk, eggs, corn and flour are all up in recent months. And, it looks like those prices will continue to climb for the forseeable future. On top of that, the cost of fuel is surging, which means getting those muffins to my local supermarket costs more. The only thing I can hope for is that demand for those muffins drops as the economy slows...or that the store opts to absorb some of those higher costs.</p>

<p>Maybe my family needs to eat something else for breakfast.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/considering_the_cost_of_food.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/considering_the_cost_of_food.html</guid>
         <category>Suzanne Pratt, Senior Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 18:22:08 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Green Options - Cellulosic Ethanol</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Jeff Yastine" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/yastine.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>Cellulosic ethanol is one of those energy techologies that's very exciting to explore, but the excitement has to be tempered with a hard look at the costs of production and how those costs stack up relative to other fuels. There's still a lot of debate about whether the true "carbon costs" of producing cellulosic ethanol might actually add more carbon to the atmosphere than the carbon presumably saved by not burning an equivalent amount of gasoline. Nevertheless, research and funding is streaming into this category.</p>

<p>As explain in tonight's <a href="/nbr/site/features/special/green-options_home/">"Green Options"</a> report, this type of ethanol is brewed from the tough, fibrous material of leftover plant material.  We're talking about sugar cane stalks, wood chips and bark, specially grown types of grasses, or even yard waste.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_celluslosic_etha.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_celluslosic_etha.html</guid>
         <category>Jeff Yastine, Senior Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 14:35:03 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>A Thought About Retail Sales</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Scott Gurvey" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/GURVEY_web.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>The Wall Street know-it-alls keep trying to bury this economy. But they just can’t do it. Today’s retail sales report, as well as Wal-Mart’s 1st quarter earnings statement, show that while things may be slow, they are not declining. </p>

<p>The people I talked to today see more of the same, flat or just above in terms of sales and growth through the summer, with improvement by the fourth quarter.<br />
</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/a_thought_about_retail_sales.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/a_thought_about_retail_sales.html</guid>
         <category>Scott Gurvey, New York Bureau Chief</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2008 18:26:26 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Housing Crash Update </title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Power Town Title Graphic" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/Power_Town-175x125.jpg" width="175" height="125" /><br />
An update on the <a href="/nbr/blog/2008/05/beginning_middle_or_end_for_ho.html">last post</a> about the Great Housing Crash of '08.  Interest rate resets are an important factor in triggering foreclosures.  Many people who took out adjustable rate mortgages at low "teaser rates" are now finding their loans reset to much higher market rates. When that happens, families fall behind on their payments.</p>

<p>According to First American CoreLogic LoanPerformance databases, as of February 2008, 66% of subprime ARM loans had already reset and 40% of prime ARM loans had already reset.<br />
</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/housing_crash_update.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/housing_crash_update.html</guid>
         <category>Darren Gersh, Washington Bureau Chief</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2008 12:21:50 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>1st Quarter Earnings Wrap</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Erika Miller" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/miller.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>If you were dreading first quarter earnings season, you’re probably feeling some relief now.  Although earnings in the financial sector were dreadful, many investors are happy that things weren’t worse.</p>

<p>Excluding financials, results for S&P 500 firms were up over 7-percent, in line with the long-term historic average for the market as a whole.  And, although profits at financial firms fell 79% in the first quarter, that’s still better than the fourth quarter -- when the sector lost money.</p>

<p>Consumer Discretionary was the only other negative sector.  It fell 23%.  Some sectors, like energy and consumer staples, actually rose double digits.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/1st_quarter_earnings_wrap.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/1st_quarter_earnings_wrap.html</guid>
         <category>Erika Miller, Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 17:54:08 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Green Options - Trash to Gas?</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Dana Greenspn" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/Dana_Greenspon_95x119.jpg" width="95" height="119" />Ethanol bashing is all the rage these days.  If you’ve been to the grocery store lately, you know why.  Food prices are rising faster than they have in decades, and one factor – among many – is that corn crops once used for food and animal feed are now being converted into corn-based ethanol. </p>

<p>For my "Green Options" story (which will be broadcast this Thursday, May 15th), I met with a scientist-turned-businessman who is also talking trash when it comes to ethanol – but in a good way.  His company Zymetis grows a bacterium that basically eats up waste materials – scrap paper, woodchips, cellulose fibers from waste streams – and spits out ethanol.  So instead of using food to generate ethanol, Zymetis uses trash.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_trash_to_gas.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_trash_to_gas.html</guid>
         <category>Dana Greenspon, Field Producer</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 15:33:32 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Green Options - Genetically Modified Crops</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Diane Eastabrook" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/eastabrook.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>As a reporter well into my second decade of covering news, it is always fascinating to watch a story evolve.  I covered bioengineered crops, also known as genetically modified organisms, when they hit the market a little more than a decade ago.   Gmos aimed to revolutionize farming by creating hardier and more innovative crops.  But, they did a lot more than that. </p>

<p>Bioengineered crops set off a storm of controversy.  Environmental groups said the crops could be a health hazard and labeled them "Frankenfood."  Gmo seeds were banned in most countries and many U.S. farmers were slow to adopt them.  But, the global attitude towards genetically altered crops is changing. </p>

<p>This year the National Corn Growers Association estimates between 75 and 80 percent of the corn planted in the U.S. will be gmo.  Monsanto, one of the largest producers of seeds, says genetically altered seeds are now planted in the largest agriculture producing countries in the world.  And, the European Union is expected to vote on a plan soon that would allow farmers in member countries to plant genetically modified crops for the first time.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_genetically_modi.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/green_options_genetically_modi.html</guid>
         <category>Diane Eastabrook, Chicago Bureau Chief</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 15:24:54 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Beginning, Middle or End of the Housing Crash?</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Power Town Title Graphic" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/Power_Town-175x125.jpg" width="175" height="125" /><br />
Over the weekend some friends asked me whether the subprime mess was getting better or worse.  Good question, and I had a strong sense the answer was no.  </p>

<p>Today I am trying to offer a more detailed look at where things stand.   </p>

<p>The result is my new housing cheat sheet.  Use it to impress your friends better than I did.  But be careful: if you get known as the housing expert, you will be expected to offer updates at every dinner party you attend.  </p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/beginning_middle_or_end_for_ho.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/beginning_middle_or_end_for_ho.html</guid>
         <category>Darren Gersh, Washington Bureau Chief</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 14:05:28 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Baby Boomers -- This One&apos;s For You...</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Jack Kahn" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/kahn.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>A little over a year ago, I produced an NBR special called “<a href="/nbr/site/features/special/changing_demographics/">America’s Changing Demographics</a>.”  It exposed me to some astounding numbers about the aging of America.  What really shook me up was that the baby boom generation’s move to senior status would soon turn the U.S. into a giant version of my home state, Florida.  (I’m referring to the fact that Florida now has the nation’s highest percentage of residents age 65+, about 17%).</p>

<p>To paraphrase a former GM Chairman, I figured that whatever is good for America is good for NBR.  So I suggested that we produce a series aimed at the millions of Americans who would soon be retiring -- and who would also be facing lots of crucial financial decisions.   The <a href="http://www.finrafoundation.org/" target="_blank">FINRA Investor Education Foundation</a>* saw this as an area of critical need and graciously agreed to fund the project.  Then <em><a href="http://www.usnews.com/sections/business/retirement" target="_blank">US News and World Report</a> </em>came on board, adding its expertise and reporting capabilities to our own.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/baby_boomers_this_ones_for_you.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/baby_boomers_this_ones_for_you.html</guid>
         <category>Jack Kahn, Director of Program Development</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 12 May 2008 12:11:32 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Feeling the Pain of Recession?</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Nicole Letaw" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/nicole_web.jpg" width="95" height="119" />Everywhere I look I see people struggling, working two or three jobs, trying to buy a home or maybe even losing their home, barely able to afford filling up at the pump, cutting back on groceries, and even staying home more often to save money.   </p>

<p>I can relate to this group of people, especially when I’m sitting quietly at my second job (which happens to be a university library). It’s in those quiet moments when it hits me how bad the economy really is.   </p>

<p>Usually I tune out, but lately I’ve picked up on peoples’ conversations around me. I listen to their frustrations about how hard it is to make it these days.  These people range in age from millenials to baby boomers and from entry level to well established professionals.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/feeling_the_pain_of_recession.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/feeling_the_pain_of_recession.html</guid>
         <category>Nicole Letaw, Associate Producer</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 18:13:12 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>High Hopes for Those Stimulus Checks</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Suzanne Pratt" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/pratt.gif" width="96" height="115"/>Every time I do a story about the economy lately, analysts talk about the government stimulus checks that consumers have received or soon will be getting. That was again true today…although today there was greater focus on what that money would mean to retailers in the coming months. Will stores like Wal-mart or Target be the biggest beneficiaries of that extra cash from Mr. Bush…or will Americans pack that money away for a really rainy day?</p>

<p>No one knows for sure what the fickle U.S. consumer will do. But, I felt they would be more likely to spend it rather than save it. Sure, there are the rising costs for basic necessities like milk and cereal. But, I thought it would be more likely that our shop-till-you-drop American culture would result in spending on discretionary items…mainly flat screen TVs and ipods.</p>

<p>But, recently, I have changed my mind.</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/high_hopes_for_those_stimulus.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/high_hopes_for_those_stimulus.html</guid>
         <category>Suzanne Pratt, Senior Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 18:09:57 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Gas Prices in Perspective</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Power Town Title Graphic" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/Power_Town-175x125.jpg" width="175" height="125" />Gas prices make people crazy.  </p>

<p>On the one hand, you get the "serves us right crowd."  You know the argument:  We deserve to pay $4 a gallon, because we drive big cars and haven't been serious about energy conservation for, oh, the last 20 years.  Cutting the gas tax or slapping a windfall profits tax on oil companies would be silly since everything in this market is driven by supply and demand. </p>

<p>On the other hand, you find the "birthright crowd."  These folks basically argue that gas was a dollar a gallon when they were kids and it should be $1 a gallon now.  We deserve cheap gas, because it is so important.  If only we drilled enough, cut taxes enough or pressured OPEC enough things would return to "normal." </p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/gas_prices_in_perspective.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/gas_prices_in_perspective.html</guid>
         <category>Darren Gersh, Washington Bureau Chief</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 07 May 2008 15:50:36 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Politics and Fannie Mae</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Stephanie Dhue" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/s_dhue.jpg" width="93" height="119"/>To understand Fannie Mae and its “sister company” Freddie Mac takes a lesson in politics.  There is a fierce political battle going on about how to regulate government sponsored entities like Fannie and Freddie.  In general, Democrats support the companies taking on a larger role in the mortgage market.  They support the companies' affordable housing missions and want them to help low income borrowers.  Republican generally want a smaller role for the firms and worry about the risk to taxpayers that could come with letting the firms grow their portfolios.  Obviously, it’s in Fannie Mae’s best financial interest for the housing market to stabilize.  But the current volatility can work to the company's political advantage, as there seems to be more need than ever for it to “work.” </p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/politics_and_fannie_mae.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/politics_and_fannie_mae.html</guid>
         <category>Stephanie Dhue, Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 06 May 2008 18:22:58 -0500</pubDate>
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         <title>Sell in May and Walk Away</title>
         <description><![CDATA[<p><img alt="Photo of Erika Miller" src="http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/nbr_images/miller.jpg" width="95" height="119"/>Gardeners and baseball fans may love May.  But investors often dread its arrival.</p>

<p>That’s because May through October is typically the weakest six months of the year for stocks.</p>

<p>According to the Stock Traders Almanac, since 1950, the Dow Jones Industrial Average has gained an average of 0.5% in the May 1 - October 31 period. That’s a lot less than the average of 7.9% the index has gained in the November 1 - April 30th period. The Almanac takes it a step further, with a six month investment switching strategy:</p>]]></description>
         <link>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/sell_in_may_and_walk_away.html</link>
         <guid>http://www.pbs.org/nbr/blog/2008/05/sell_in_may_and_walk_away.html</guid>
         <category>Erika Miller, Correspondent</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 06 May 2008 18:18:11 -0500</pubDate>
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