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Forum: The American President Online

Topic: The President and foreign policy
Posted By: Thirteen Online
Date: 04 Apr 2000 12:11 PM

"The Congress shall have Power . . . To declare War, . . . To raise and support Armies, . . . To provide and maintain a Navy; To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval forces . . ." (U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 8.)

"The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the UnitedStates . . . He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of theSenate, to make Treaties . . ." (U.S. Constitution, Article II, Section 2.)

These potentially contradictory words set the tone for conflicts between the executive and legislative branches on foreign policy. Passed by a Congress frustrated with the undeclared war in Vietnam, the War Powers Act of 1973 has been partially invalidated by the Supreme Court and generally ignored by recent presidents. Yet the White House still has looked to Congress for support. For example, prior to the Persian Gulf War, President George Bush made clear his belief that the decision to declare war belonged to him. Yet he asked Congress for an advance vote of confidence: "I can think of no better way than for Congress to express its support for the President at this critical time. This truly is the last best chance for peace."

Does the president have too much power in foreign policy? Should presidents be able to commit U.S. troops to battle without congressional approval? Or would any decrease in presidential power abroad drastically limit the effectiveness of U.S. foreign policy?
Responses:



Subject: Re: Foreign Policy Power
From: Charles
Date: 04 Apr 2000 12:35 PM

Does the president have too much power in foreign policy? In a nuclear icbm age, the president has the power to destroy the world, and has to have that power -- to allow for credible deterrence. This makes the following question a little superfluous

Should presidents be able to commit U.S. troops to battle without congressional approval? The president has the power to commit US nuclear missiles without congressional approval. Compared to that, what matter some troops?

Or would any decrease in presidential power abroad drastically limit the effectiveness of U.S. foreignpolicy? Of course it would! The question is, isthat necessarily a bad thing?



Subject: Foreign Policy
From: Edward T. Graney
Date: 04 Apr 2000 2:37 PM

Does a president have too much power in determining our policies in foreign affairs? He sure as hell does. Then, as witnessed, when we end up with a clutz like Clinton directing? our foreign we really are in a mess. He, a coward, sending men and women to their death (in some instances) as he uses his 'cigar' tricks with an unclean, immoral woman in (our) the Oval Office. Now we must ask - who is next? NO! The president should defer to the Congress in all matters of foreign affairs, and act according to their wishes. After all, any political party as an administration is beholding to all the people, and the majority of the people are a heart beat away from their Representatives in the House and the Senate and consequently are closer to the Congress than they are to a president.


Subject: The President at War
From: Jeff
Date: 04 Apr 2000 9:54 AM

The President should not be able to declare war without Congressional approval unless there is an actual invasion of American soil. Even then he must have forces to meet the invasion only, until Congress can be convened. War power is too much power invested in one man. Nor should the president embroil us in foreign entanglements, such as treaties, without Congressional approval. In a case such as the Nuclear Test Ban treaty, the president might want it signed for his personal aggrandizement, but Congress has the right and the responsibility to veto treaties that are unenforceable or are not in the nation's best interest.


Subject: Presidential Foreign Policy
From: oj
Date: 04 Apr 2000 8:33 PM

Last many presidents unskillfully abused their power in the foreign policy and trade areas. The tops is Carter with his destabilizing the Mid East by deposing the Shah of Iran which led to rise of violent fractions and death of millions of people (Baha, etc.). Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, Kosovo and other regions where mingling under the president leadership? led to a disaster or nothing (just vasted money and peoples effords). Similarly in the world trade, immigration, and other important areas, US presidents do what they or business want without a democratic input. WHERE IS THE POWER OF THE PEOPLE? ARE WE SO STUPID THAT WE CANNOT MAKE RIGHT DECISIONS OR AT LEAST PARTICIPATE?


Subject: Foriegn Policy
From: Dr. Watson
Date: 04 Apr 2000 8:49 PM

I feel that recent presidents especially Clinton have abused the powers given to them. If I were to rate President Clintons Foriegn policy On a scale of 1 to 10 I would give him a 3 , because he stands up for the American needs. on the other hand I think his handling of China, has been very poor He treats it like a spoiled baby, soothing it with money and trade. I feel chinesse relations should be stong, but China should meet us halfway. All in all Ithink that his Biggest flaw is involving us in every problem and forcing our veiw down peoples throats


Subject: Foreign Policy
From: Langford
Date: 04 Apr 2000 4:58 AM

Thank you. Whilst remaining a big admirer of America and its achievements, I must admit that this attitude of assuming to educate the world does rather stick in the throat a bit!


Subject: China
From: Anonymous
Date: 07 Jul 2000 4:31 AM

How do you think we should handle China. Like the British did to Germany prior to WW2? Or how France handled US after the American Revolution? At the rate China is going, they will be a much more significant world power in the future, equal or probably even greater than US. They will be nasty in any case, just like us to them and most other nations. Engaging them, we probably will have a much better chance of influencing them to our advantage.


Subject: War Powers Act
From: Peter B. Thomas
Date: 04 Apr 2000 10:53 PM

You people will have to read the War Powers Act in order to understand that the questions posed at the website here are essentially stupid.


Subject: George Washington
From: Charles Ranspach
Date: 04 Apr 2000 4:48 PM

The quote attributed to George Washington is wrong. It is the same as John Quincy Adams' , Washington was President 8 years not four and he didn't hate being president.


Subject: reply to george washington
From: geoff acree
Date: 05 May 2000 11:35 AM

george washington did in fact hate being president. all he talked about in his letters with his family in his last years was how much he wished to retire to a quiet life at home at mount vernon. he only became president when it was made obvious to him that the people wanted him, and then to assure that the first ever round of elections was peacefully and successfully completed. even during the war he often complained about the burden of public service.


Subject: How is foreign policy made?
From: Alvin D. Hofer
Date: 04 Apr 2000 9:05 PM

We write about U.S. foreign policy as if we knew who makes it and how. We quote the Constitution, the document that grants certain powers of state to the president and to the Senate in the making of foreign policy. But this is formal; it does not tell us who and how policies are determined. PARAGRAPH Certainly or so it seems, a great many of our foreign adventures have occurred not through a grand design but through a process often called "slippery slope". One step or misstep leads to another and the slide is on!We do not have much in the way of grand design, unless one considers labels such as "containment", "isolation", "attrition" as examples. Also, for the continuity required by a grand design, policy must be continuous from one four or eight year presidency to the next. U.S. policy seems to depend on who at the moment is president, even if he is of the same party as his predecessor. PARAGRAPH Which brings me to the role of party in forming policy: there is none! The president does not sit down with his party leaders and conduct a discussion on what U.S. foreign policy should be in terms of some over-arching principles of the party. The most he does is poll his party on whether they can muster the votes he requires in the Senate to confirm appointees or whether they can approve his budget in the House for military appropriations. PARAGRAPH Thus, the persona of the president seems to be a primary factor in U.S. foreign policy. But all is not as it seems: often the president becomes interested in foreign policy only when he has been stymied on domestic policy issues. This has been true of Presidents Bush and Clinton. Then he indulges a dilettant's interest in the subject, informed by the opinions of his advisers. Who these advisers are and how they rose to such power then becomes essential to understanding what policies are recommended to the amateurish president. PARAGRAPH This is all a dark secret to most of our citizens. We know little about the influences upon our secretaries of state, national security advisers, and other "coaches" to the Chief. What schools they came from, we may learn. What former positions they held, we may learn. What their personal biases may be are somewhat more difficult to learn; and whose interests they identify with the "national interest" we may only infer. PARAGRAPH I feel that I know very little about how U.S. foreign policy is made, and - you know what? That is very scarry.PARAGRAPH Alvin D. HoferGainesville FL


Subject: Correction
From: Alvin D. Hofer
Date: 04 Apr 2000 11:35 PM

My statement that President Bush became interested in foreign policy when his domestic program was stymied was, of course, an error. In fact, he had no domestic program. He WAS stymied but by his own party, because he had raised taxes, contrary to an election promise. It was easier to go to war with Saddam than to make peace with his fellow Republicans.


Subject: g. bush and the persian gulf war
From: geoff acree
Date: 05 May 2000 11:46 AM

bush's handling of the persian gulf situation seems worse the more it is examined. he did not need congressional approval for desert shield, nor desert storm, because the war powers act gave him 45 days to commit us troops to combat without congressional approval. and then he failed to allow the operation to be successfully completed by ending the combat too soon, allowing saddam to remain alive and in power. basically, bush wussed at the end, and made the same mistake as every president since ww2- he failed to give the military a goal with clear objectives and then let them do the job!


Subject: George Bush and the Persian Gulf War
From: Max Rathke
Date: 06 Jun 2002 7:49 AM

Dear Geoff Acree,sorry, but I disagree on the issue of Bush's (41st.) handling of the Gulf Crisis and the Gulf War. It was important for the success to liberate the small country of Kuwait to build such a comprehensive alliance against the aggressor Saddam Hussein. And for this goal itwas important for Bush not "to send American soldiers with one hand bend on their back into war" as it was fact during the Vietnam War. it should mean the U.S. troops should havegot the whole support by the homeland and by the foreigncountries. It went back to Bush's attitude to be cautious in foreign policy.Best regards,Max Rathke