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1963 |
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The Ba'ath, or Arab Socialist Renaissance Party, stages a coup, assassinating Kassem. Gen. Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr takes over as prime minister and Col. Abdul Salam Arif becomes president. Nine months later, Arif leads a second coup against the Ba'ath government. |
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1966 |
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President Arif is killed in a helicopter crash, and his brother, Gen. Abdul Rahman Mohammad Arif, succeeds him. |
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1968 |
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Ba'ath party member Major General Bakr overthrows Arif in a bloodless coup, declaring himself president. Saddam Hussein becomes vice president. |
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1973 |
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Iraq participates in another unsuccessful war against Israel. |
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1974 |
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Conflicts along the Iran-Iraq border begin to escalate, especially along the disputed Shatt al-Arab waterway. |
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1975 |
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Iran and Iraq sign a treaty ending border disputes. The treaty also leads to the end of Iranian support for the Kurdish rising in the north, dealing a major blow to the separatists. In Iraq, growing oil wealth leads to modernization and improved public services. |
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