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Online NewsHour
Vote 2006
A co-production of the NewsHour with Jim Lehrer and Local PBS and NPR stations
IN THE NEWS
FOR STUDENTS AND TEACHERSPOWERED BY NEWSHOUR EXTRA
October 24, 2006
Louisiana Congressional Candidates Discuss Sexual Health Education Issues

Student journalists from Children's PressLine

The debate continues over how to educate youth about sexual health.

Would students be best protected from unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases with comprehensive sexual health education? Or would an education policy that promotes abstinence -- waiting until marriage to have sex -- decrease unwanted pregnancies by reducing sexual activity? And could there be a middle ground?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one-third of high school students are sexually active, and supporters of comprehensive education believe that teenagers armed with information will make healthy sexual decisions. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, about half of students in grades 7 to 12 do want more information on birth control, HIV/AIDS, communicating about safe sex, and what to do in the event of sexual assault.

However, conservative proponents cite abstinence-only education programs -- not safer sex education -- as the reason why the teenage pregnancy rate is at its lowest level in 30 years. A University of Pennsylvania study found that teaching abstinence delayed sexual behavior in inner-city black middle school students, a group that is known to be more prone to disease and pregnancy.

Last year, the federal government spent $167 million on abstinence-only education. But, legislation has been introduced in Congress that could provide funding for more open sexual health education. The Responsible Education About Life (REAL) Act, if passed, would fund states that provide medically accurate and age-appropriate information on sexual health, contraceptives, and sexually transmitted diseases, as well as abstinence.

Student journalists from Children's PressLine asked congressional candidates Republican Joe Lavigne and Democrat Regina Bartholomew about funding of sexual health programs and their views on teen sexual health issues.

The candidates are running in the 2nd District in Louisiana, where the state's teenage pregnancy is at one of the highest rates in the country.

-- By Myles Miller, 13; Rachel Olfson, 14; Rachael Schwartz, 11; Divya Sampath, 11; and Samantha Shokin, 16, from Children's PressLine. Children's PressLine is a youth journalism program based in New York City. This is the second in a series for NewsHour Extra on youth issues and the 2006 Congressional races.


What is your view on abstinence-only programs?

How should sexual health issues as they relate to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQ) youth be incorporated into education programs?

At what age should sexual education start?

What is the role of the parent in educating children on sexual health?

Should schools provide condoms to students? If so, at what age should they be available?

If you were to become a member of Congress, you may be asked to vote on the Responsible Education About Life (REAL) Act, which would provide federal funding to states that provide "comprehensive" sex education. How do you feel about the REAL Act?
What is your view on abstinence-only programs?

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): Children should be focusing the majority of their time on education and on getting to know other children. [They] should not be focused on sexual relationships. I think that abstinence would be the best policy. We should tell our children the risk associated with having a sexual relationship. I think that the best policy is always to teach abstinence.

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): Abstinence-only education does not address every need of every child, though it may work for some children if they have the reinforcement at home. Every child does not get the home guidance that he or she needs in terms of abstinence. So if you're only teaching abstinence and you have children who are curious about sex and decide to engage in sex, and you don't tell them how to protect themselves against sexually transmitted diseases or early pregnancies, then you're going to have a problem. I don't think that abstinence-only education is a solution to the problems that teenagers face when they contract STDs (sexually transmitted diseases) and when they have unwanted early pregnancies.

How should sexual health issues as they relate to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and questioning (LGBTQ) youth be incorporated into education programs?

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): Children need to be taught acceptance of all people irrespective of their sexual orientation choices. However, I don't believe [that] there needs to be a promotion of same-sex orientation.

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): Sex education should be equal across the board. I think that abstinence should always be the same and that abstinence is the best policy for our children.

At what age should sexual education start?

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): From about the 4th grade until about the 6th grade, I think just an education on what is sex, your sexual organs and that should be taught at that level. From 7th grade to 12th, then the discussion should be more along the lines of if you decide to engage in sex, it should be more of a sex education in terms of condom usage, what STDs you may contract.

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): I'm not a special educator but in my mind I think that we probably need to start doing that at puberty, when sexual urges start to arise. ... I went to a Catholic school and we had sex ed when I was in 8th grade, so I was 14 years old when they started teaching it.

What is the role of the parent in educating children on sexual health?

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): We need to have our parents starting to talk to our children about sexual abstinence and the problems associated with having sexual relationships at such an early age. And that's really where the best chance of teaching our children is - in the home. Parents can't give excuses; they can't say, "Oh, I can't talk to my child about that. They won't listen." Kids are receptive to their parents. They want to talk to their parents, especially at an early age. They need to start at an early age, explaining to their children the effects of a sexual relationship so that they're responsible.

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): You have some parents who are very closed-minded and who are not willing to teach their children anything but abstinence. What I think the best mechanism that works for all probably would be the children being able to speak with their peers and teachers at school, but then at some point you bring the parents to the discussion. You have a meeting or you do something with the parents involved at some point so that the parents are fully aware of what their children are being taught, fully aware of what the issues in terms of sex and sex education that their children are interested in so that they cannot be blind to the fact of dealing with their kids.

Should schools provide condoms to students? If so, at what age should they be available?

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): I think that you can instruct children as to the usage of condoms in school and the prevention of pregnancy, the uses of condoms and birth control. But I do not think that school should be a place where you actually distribute the condoms, or distribute the birth control, or distribute the literature on abortion or adoption. What the schools have to do is work with community organizations that will distribute those condoms, which will distribute birth control, whether it's family planning clinics, whether it's birth control centers, whether it's HIV/AIDS groups.

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): I don't think that it's the role of any governmental agency to hand out condoms to children. I don't think that federal dollars should be used to promote sex amongst underage people.

If you were to become a member of Congress, you may be asked to vote on the Responsible Education About Life (REAL) Act, which would provide federal funding to states that provide "comprehensive" sex education. How do you feel about the REAL Act?

Joe Lavigne, R-La.Joe Lavigne (R): I think [sex education] is something that is better left up to the states. I think that the states should fund these programs and that the federal government should stay out of it.

Regina Bartholomew, D-La.Regina Bartholomew (D): I believe that while abstinence is a noble and noteworthy idea, it's unrealistic in the times in which we live. ... For society to just ignore the fact that teenagers have sex and [to] just address abstinence, it's not sufficient. It's important that we raise holistic children who fully understand every single thing about life, about the decisions and choices that they make in life. Part of that would be sex education.

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Student reporters share their experiences with sex ed
Elizabeth, 14: I got my sex education when I was in seventh grade in science class, I guess biology. They separated the boys and the girls and we just talked about contraceptives and whatnot. When you're separating boys and girls, I think it's better ... because if you have questions about whatever body parts, it's easier to ask someone of the same gender. I've talked about sex with my friends. I can talk about it with my mom. I can ask her questions.
Jenne, 15: I got my sex education from my friends. We got it in school but it was more of a "stay abstinent -- if you have sex, you'll die" kind of thing. I was in fifth grade. ... I wish my school gave out condoms; kids are reckless in my school. In sixth grade I got in trouble for having a conversation about sex with my friends, so I had to have a meeting with my guidance counselor and we talked about sex for the rest of the year. ... In my old homeroom, there was a big poster that said "101 Ways to Say No to Sex." It was the stupidest things like, "Oh, my back hurts," or "No, I'm allergic to sex," that type of thing.
Myles, 13: I got my sex education from my guidance counselor. We had this long talk about the body parts of the male and the body parts of the female. It was last year in my advisory in a group of boys and girls. The girls would go with the girl math teacher for some reason and the boys would go with the male guidance counselor and they would talk about it. This isn't the best thing to do because we should have gotten the woman guidance counselor to come down and speak to the girls about sex ed because a math teacher telling you about this kind of stuff is kind of weird.
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