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William J. Broad  GARDENS OF EDEN 
Exploring the deep sea -- on Earth and on Europa -- with William Broad 
June 16, 1997
 



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Questions answered in this forum: 
Could extraterrestrial life be formed from material other than carbon?
Could probes contaminate extraterrestrial ecosystems?
How can deep-sea creatures survive the high pressures?
Where else could extraterrestrial life exist in the solar system.
Is the jury still out on life on Mars?
Are there plans to find life on Europa?
Did life on Earth begin on the bottom of the sea?

NewsHour Backgrounders 
June 10, 1997:
 
A Gergen dialogue with William Broad about his book "The Universe Below." 
April 10, 1997:
 
NASA scientists explain the findings from Europa
Browse the NewsHour's science coverage.
 
Outside Links 
Browse stories from the New York Times by William J. Broad and others on Europa. (note: free, but registration is required.
Browse Simon & Schusters' page on "The Universe Below: Discovering the Secrets of the Deep Sea."
 
 
The Online NewsHour asks:
Why Europa?  What's special about that moon that makes scientist believe that it could be a place where life exists?  Where else in the solar system could we find life?

William Broad  responds:
It's the focus of the moment because it appears to have so much water at the surface, perhaps down to a depth of 60 miles or more. No other rocky moon or planet appears to have so much water (the Earth's ocean at most is 7 miles deep!) and at the same time appears to be geologically alive, which is a prerequisite on the dim fringes of the solar system for inner heat and melted water ice. Theorists now predict that perhaps 10 rocky moons and planets in our solar system might harbor microbial life thriving in dark ecosystems, powered by inner heat. Mars is such a candidate. But only Europa and a few other bodies are thought to have water sufficient to support large aliens, if they exist. 

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