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William J. Broad  GARDENS OF EDEN 
Exploring the deep sea -- on Earth and on Europa -- with William Broad 
June 16, 1997
 



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Questions answered in this forum: 
Could extraterrestrial life be formed from material other than carbon?
Could probes contaminate extraterrestrial ecosystems?
How can deep-sea creatures survive the high pressures?
Where else could extraterrestrial life exist in the solar system.
Is the jury still out on life on Mars?
Are there plans to find life on Europa?
Did life on Earth begin on the bottom of the sea?

NewsHour Backgrounders 
June 10, 1997:
 
A Gergen dialogue with William Broad about his book "The Universe Below." 
April 10, 1997:
 
NASA scientists explain the findings from Europa
Browse the NewsHour's science coverage.
 
Outside Links 
Browse stories from the New York Times by William J. Broad and others on Europa. (note: free, but registration is required.
Browse Simon & Schusters' page on "The Universe Below: Discovering the Secrets of the Deep Sea."
 
 
The Online NewsHour asks: 
Are there plans to send a probe to Europa to look for life?  If so, how would the probe test for life.

William Broad responds: 
Big plans are afoot, though not yet announced. One possibility would be for NASA to fly a radar probe that would deeply penetrate the moon's ice and
better reveal whether a liquid ocean existed beneath the surface. If the Galileo probe in the next two years can answer that question (which it might
do by spotting liquid water coming through cracks in surface ice) then perhaps the next mission would be a craft that would try to enter the interior ocean to look for alien life. Seeing would be believing, in that case. In addition to cameras, however, scientists would probably do many types of microbial, chemical, biologic and acoustic tests. They are already thinking about and planning for such extraterrestrial experimentation as they explore the Earth's deep sea. Some even dream about exploring other worlds themselves in submersibles, rather than with the aid of high-tech robots.

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