KEY DATES:
- 1890 : Eisenhower is born on October 14, in Denison, Texas.
- 1943: On December 24, Appointed Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe during World War II, on December 24.
- 1952: Elected President of the United States on November 4, with Richard Nixon as his Vice President.
- 1956: Elected to a second term as President on November 6.
- 1969: Eisenhower dies on March 28.
PEARL HARBOR: December 7, 1941 Japanese forces staged a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on the Hawaiian island of Oahu. President Roosevelt called it "adate which will live in infamy." One day later, the U.S. declared war on Japan.
GEORGE C. MARSHALL (1880-1959): Marshall was Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army in World War II. He later served as Secretary of State from 1947-49. During his tenure, a U.S. plan for post-war economic recovery in Europe went into effect and became known as "The Marshall Plan."
WINSTON CHURCHILL ( 1874-1965): Churchill became British Prime Minister in 1940 and led the government through World War II until his party was defeated in 1945. He again served as Prime Minister from 1951 until 1955.
CHARLES DE GAULLE ( 1890 -1970): De Gaulle became a general in the French army after Germany invaded France in 1940. After the French government signed a truce with Hitler, De Gaulle formed an alliance with British Prime Minister Churchill and took command of the Free French resistance movement. He served as president of France from 1959 until 1969.
PLESSY VS. FERGUSON: A Supreme Court decision in 1896 which ruled that separate but equal accommodations for African-Americans were legal.
BROWN VS. TOPEKA: A Supreme Court decision in 1954 which ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional. The decision served to reverse the 1896 Plessy vs. Ferguson ruling by stating that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."
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