Online NewsHour: International Organizations Archive | 2007

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	2007 DECEMBER December 17, 2007 Bali Climate Conference Ends With Compromise The U.N. climate change conference ended in Bali Saturday with a last-minute deal that sets the terms of a "roadmap" for a new climate change treaty. The talks were described as emotional, with discontent directed toward U.S. objections to specific emissions caps. A U.S. negotiator and a climate analyst assess the talks.

	December 14, 2007 $7.4B Pledged to Palestinians at Paris Meeting International donors pledged Monday to support the embattled Palestinian government of President Mahmoud Abbas, pledging billions in aid over three years -- a sum that topped the Palestinians' own expectations.

	December 13, 2007 Pelosi Aims to Set 'New Direction' Amid Legislative Battles Just over a year into her term as House leader in the new Democratic-majority Congress, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, D- Calif., discusses the latest developments from Capitol Hill, including spending bill battles, new energy legislation, the controversy over CIA interrogation tapes and U.S. policy on Iran and Iraq.

	December 12, 2007 Attack in Algeria Reopens Country's War Wounds, Stirs Terror Fears Two truck bombs exploded in Algiers, Algeria, Tuesday, causing heavy damage to U.N. offices and killing more than 31. A branch of terror group al-Qaida claimed responsibility. Experts assess what the attacks mean for Algeria, Northern Africa and the West.

	December 12, 2007 Experts Assess Afghan Security, Reconstruction Since 2001, NATO- and U.S.-led coalition forces have battled Taliban insurgents in Afghanistan with mixed results. In 2007, an estimated 2,600 people have been killed, a 50 percent increase over last year. Martin Howard of NATO and Barnett Rubin of New York University answered your questions.

	December 11, 2007 Experimental Malaria Vaccine Shows Promise in Africa Malaria kills one African child about every 30 seconds. Now, a vaccine developed by GlaxoSmithKline and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation shows promise in reducing the rate of severe malaria by as much as 50 percent. Susan Dentzer reports from Tanzania.

	December 11, 2007 Blasts Kill Scores at U.N. Buildings in Algiers The North African wing of al-Qaida is suspected of detonating twin car bombs that killed as many as 67 people near U.N. buildings in the Algerian capital Tuesday.

	December 10, 2007 Analysts Examine Security, Rebuilding in Afghanistan This year has been the most violent in Afghanistan since the Taliban fell, with more than 130 suicide bombings and more than 2,600 dead. Two analysts discuss the security and rebuilding prospects for the country.

	December 10, 2007 NATO Commander Details Afghanistan Security, Reconstruction This year has been the most violent in Afghanistan since the Taliban fell, with more than 130 suicide bombings and more than 2,600 dead. U.S. Gen. Dan McNeill, the commander of NATO forces in Afghanistan, discusses efforts to combat Taliban fighters.

	December 10, 2007 U.S., China Reject Emission Caps at Bali Summit Both the United States and China -- the world's biggest polluters -- have rejected the idea of including specific emissions limits in the final document that will come out of the talks at the United Nations climate change conference in Bali.

	December 7, 2007 Engineers Lend Technical Aid to Developing Countries Spencer Michels reports on how the 8,000 members of the non-profit group Engineers Without Borders are using their technical skills to bring clean water, sanitation and other engineering projects to communities in developing countries.

	December 4, 2007 Iraqi Refugees Find Safe Havens, Uncertain Futures in Sweden Sweden has been a refuge for thousands of Iraqis displaced by the war. NewsHour special correspondent Fred de Sam Lazaro reports on how the country has handled the influx of refugees and what life is like for Iraqis in a new land.

	December 3, 2007 Iran Halted Nuclear Arms Program in 2003, Report Finds A U.S. National Intelligence Estimate report released Monday found that Iran stopped developing nuclear weapons in 2003, but continues to enrich uranium and could still develop atomic arms in the future. Two intelligence experts discuss the findings and what they may mean for diplomatic relations between Iran and the U.S.



	NOVEMBER November 30, 2007 Bali Talks to Set Stage for Further Climate Negotiations Nearly 20,000 policymakers, activists and journalists will gather on the island of Bali, Indonesia Monday to open talks aimed at crafting a successor to the Kyoto Protocol, the United Nations treaty on climate change.

	November 26, 2007 Violence, Humanitarian Crisis Continues to Grip Somalia Ongoing violence in Somalia has worsened the humanitarian situation in the war-torn East African country with disease, displacement and hunger among the problems. Two Somalia experts examine the crisis and the international community's response.

	November 20, 2007 U.N. Report Reduces AIDS Estimates by Millions UNAIDS, the United Nation's group working on the AIDS epidemic, released a report Tuesday admitting that figures on the spread of HIV were over-estimated for the past decade.

	November 19, 2007 U.N. Panel Warns on Climate Change in Report The U.N. panel on climate change has issued a new report outlining troubling scenarios if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced. The report will be the basis for U.N. climate talks in December. Michael Oppenheimer, a member of the panel, details the report.

	November 19, 2007 Death Toll from Bangladesh Cyclone Passes 3,000 Rescue workers scrambled to deliver aid to Bangladesh Monday as the South Asian nation struggled to recover from the worst cyclone to strike it in a decade, a category 4 storm that left at least 3,100 people dead.

	November 9, 2007 Demilitarized Zone Reminder of War and Tenuous Peace Stretching 155 miles wide and two and a half miles deep across the entire peninsula, the Demilitarized Zone divides the two Koreas. It also separates the universes of a war long forgotten by most Americans and a peace tantalizingly close for nearly all Koreans.

	November 6, 2007 Extended Interview: U.S. Global AIDS Coordinator Mark Dybul Ambassador Mark Dybul, U.S. Global AIDS coordinator of the president's AIDS initiative known as PEPFAR, talks about the program's impacts, challenges and future.



	OCTOBER October 31, 2007 The Two Koreas: Political Timeline Over the past 100 years, the Koreas have contended with Japanese occupation and fighting across their border as they work to stay relevant in the international political arena.

	October 29, 2007 Rebel Groups Boycott Darfur Peace Talks Three main Darfur rebel factions boycotted peace talks with the Sudanese government over the weekend in Libya, throwing into doubt that any substantive progress would be made at the summit.

	October 23, 2007 Iraqi Food Rations Program Besieged by Breakdowns, Delays The system used to distribute food rations to Iraqis -- the successor to the U.N. oil-for-food program -- has thus far failed to adapt to the massive migration of Iraqis within the country and is restricted by security problems and the threat of violence.

	October 16, 2007 African Expert Offers Closer Look at Darfur Crisis An estimated 200,000 people have been killed in Sudan's Darfur region since a brutal civil war erupted in 2003. Millions have been forced to flee their homes and live in refugee camps. Sarjoh Bah, with Global Peace Operations at NYU's Center on International Cooperation, answered your questions on the crisis.

	October 12, 2007 U.N. Climate Panel Member Details Nobel-winning Work Former Vice President Al Gore and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change won the Nobel Peace Prize Friday. Michael Oppenheimer, a member of the U.N. panel, discusses the honor and how the group's work has furthered the debate on climate change.

	October 11, 2007 U.N. Chief Forging New Solutions on Climate, Conflicts United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has faced a long list of priorities since he took over the U.N.'s top job from Kofi Annan 10 months ago. He discusses the issues that are shaping his tenure, including concerns over the situation in Darfur, climate change and the U.N.'s role in Iraq.

	October 10, 2007 New World Bank Chief Zoellick Tasked With Reputation Repair World Bank President Robert Zoellick has been tasked with putting the bank back on track after the stormy departure of its former chief, Paul Wolfowitz. Zoellick details his plan to lead the poverty-fighting institution.

	October 4, 2007 Myanmar Junta Chief Willing to Meet With Pro-democracy Leader The leader of the military junta in Myanmar, the country also known as Burma, indicated Thursday that he is willing to meet with detained pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi amid renewed focus on the nation after a wave of anti-government protests.

	October 4, 2007 Korean Leaders Move Toward Reconciliation The leaders of North and South Korea announced Thursday they would take steps toward a peace treaty that would replace the Korean War's 1953 cease-fire and continue work to ease tensions on the world's last remaining frontier of the Cold War.

	October 3, 2007 North Korea Agrees to Disable Nuclear Complex by Year's End North Korea agreed Wednesday to disable its main nuclear reactor complex and provide details on its nuclear programs. Chief U.S. nuclear negotiator with North Korea Christopher Hill talks to the NewsHour about the new agreement and the state of relations with Pyongyang.

	October 2, 2007 Myanmar Crisis Sheds New Light on China's Regional Influence During recent protests in Myanmar, the country also known as Burma, the international community relied heavily on the diplomatic intervention of China in efforts to stop a military crackdown. Experts consider China's growing regional influence.

	October 1, 2007 AU Peacekeepers Missing After Rebel Attack in Darfur A weekend attack on an African Union base in Northern Darfur, Sudan, left at least 10 peacekeepers dead and 20 missing. From Khartoum, Charlayne Hunter-Gault provides an update on the search for the missing troops and the AU's role in the troubled region.

	October 1, 2007 AU Peacekeepers Killed in Rebel Attack in Darfur At least 10 African Union peacekeepers were killed and more than 20 declared missing after rebels overran their base in northern Darfur over the weekend, in the worst attack on AU forces since they were deployed in 2004.



	SEPTEMBER September 28, 2007 World Leaders Call for End to Myanmar Violence President Bush and British Prime Minister Gordon Brown on Friday joined world leaders denouncing the violence in Myanmar at the hands of the junta government. Indonesia's ambassador to the U.S. and a British foreign minister discuss the situation.

	September 27, 2007 Global Warming Summits Aim to Frame Climate Policy President Bush and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice opened a global warming conference Thursday, one of two key international meetings this week on greenhouse gases. Top negotiators examine how the U.S. and the world should tackle climate change policy.

	September 26, 2007 Junta Attempts to Quell Protests in Myanmar Myanmar's military rulers cracked down Wednesday on a recent wave of anti-government protests, which have put a fresh focus on the country's controversial political situation. Two experts assess the latest developments in the South Asian nation.

	September 21, 2007 Violence, Legal System Drawbacks Lead to Detainee Buildup As the Iraqi government struggles to reach agreements crucial to its survival and grapples with violence and police corruption, approximately 25,000 Iraqis are being held by coalition forces without a public trial.

	September 10, 2007 Companies Race for Gas in Arctic Norway's state-owned oil company, Statoil, recently opened Europe's first large-scale liquefied natural gas plant in Hammerfest, Norway. As global warming melts Arctic ice and makes reserves more accessible, companies are racing to the Arctic to stake their claims.



	AUGUST August 30, 2007 U.N. Agency Says Iran Cooperating with Nuclear Oversight The U.N. International Atomic Energy Agency said Thursday that Iran is producing less nuclear fuel than previously thought and has made progress in explaining past nuclear activities.

	August 10, 2007 Federal Reserve Moves to Stabilize Market The Federal Reserve said it would inject $38 billion into the banking system in response to the stock market's volatility, and central banks globally may take similar action. A former Federal Reserve governor and a Bush administration economic adviser explain the move.

	August 10, 2007 U.N. Votes to Expand Role in Iraq The U.N. Security Council approved an expanded mission in Iraq Friday, unanimously voting to increase their political role and serve as an intermediary in negotiations between neighboring nations and rival Iraqi factions.

	August 3, 2007 U.N.-AU Peacekeepers Face Challenges in Darfur The U.N. Security Council authorized a 26,000-member peacekeeping force in the Darfur region of Sudan. Sudan's ambassador to the United Nations and a Darfur advocate discuss the conflict-ridden region.



	JULY July 31, 2007 U.N. Approves Peacekeeping Force in Darfur The U.N. Security Council on Tuesday unanimously approved a resolution to send a peacekeeping force of up to 26,000 troops and police to Sudan's conflict-ridden Darfur region.

	July 26, 2007 Iraqi Refugees Flee War-torn Country Millions of Iraqi citizens have left their war-torn country to seek refuge abroad or fled to other parts of the country. A migration expert and a representative of a humanitarian group weigh in on the situation.

	July 24, 2007 Zimbabwe President to Move Toward Nationalizing Foreign Firms In an effort to revive the suffering economy in Zimbabwe, President Robert Mugabe announced plans to push toward nationalizing foreign firms. A professor and African policy expert consider the impacts on the African country.

	July 24, 2007 U.S. Criticizes Iranian Role in Iraqi Violence as Security Talks Continue Three-way talks with U.S., Iranian and Iraqi officials held in Baghdad's Green Zone Tuesday over security in Iraq took a tense turn when U.S. Ambassador Ryan Crocker accused Iran of contributing to the violence by arming Shiite militias.

	July 23, 2007 U.S. Envoy Defends Diplomacy in North Korea The United States ended talks with North Korea Monday without establishing a timeline for disarmament, though the Asian country has agreed to close one of its reactors. Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill updates the situation.

	July 20, 2007 Ambassador Khalilzad Discusses Role of U.N. in Iraq U.S. ambassador to the United Nations Zalmay Khalilzad, who served as the first post-Saddam Hussein U.S. ambassador to Iraq, discusses calls for an expanded U.N. role in Iraq, among other issues.

	July 4, 2007 Six Canadians Killed as Violence Continues in Southeastern Afghanistan Six Canadian soldiers and their interpreter were killed Wednesday in a deadly roadside bombing near the restive city of Khandahar in the southeastern part of Afghanistan.



	JUNE June 27, 2007 Former Prime Minister Tony Blair Named Middle East Envoy Just hours after stepping down as British prime minister Wednesday, Tony Blair was tapped by the European Union, Russia, the United States and the United Nations to head international efforts to bring peace to the Middle East.

	June 15, 2007 Victims of Sexual Violence in Darfur Face Stigma, Unresponsive Justice System Reports of women raped during militia raids or while seeking supplies are widespread in the Darfur conflict, yet Sudan's government has denied it occurs and prosecuting the crime has remained virtually impossible in the Muslim country.

	June 8, 2007 Group of Eight Summit Yields Africa Aid, Little Else Eight industrialized nations concluded their summit Friday after reaching an agreement on aid to Africa, but failing to reach consensus on climate change or missile defense. Two experts detail the conference results.

	June 6, 2007 Differences over Climate Change Cloud G8 Summit Members of the Group of Eight industrialized nations met in Germany Wednesday for the start of a three-day summit at which a main topic will be climate change. A German journalist and American international policy advocate discuss the conference.

	June 5, 2007 British Architect Receives Top Honor in Field The Pritzker Prize, architecture's highest medal, was awarded Monday in London to Richard Rogers. The NewsHour shares highlights of an interview with the winning architect.

	June 4, 2007 Russian President Toughens Nuclear Stance Russian President Vladimir Putin threatened to aim nuclear weapons at European targets Monday in response to a planned U.S. missile defense program in Europe. An international affairs professor and a former Russian and Soviet army official discuss the tensions.

	June 4, 2007 Former Liberian Leader Boycotts War Crimes Trial Former Liberian President Charles Taylor, who has been charged with atrocities in Sierra Leone, did not show up for the start of his trial in The Hague on Monday, saying he would not get a fair hearing in the U.N.-backed court.



	MAY May 30, 2007 Former Trade Representative Nominated to Head World Bank Two weeks after Paul Wolfowitz resigned as president of the World Bank, President Bush nominated former U.S. trade representative Robert Zoellick to lead the organization. An economics professor and a journalist discuss the challenges facing the bank's next president.

	May 29, 2007 President Bush Levies New Sanctions Against Sudan In an attempt to help end the bloodshed in Darfur, President Bush announced new U.S. sanctions Tuesday that targeted the oil industry and Sudanese individuals involved in the region's violence. U.S. Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte provides details.

	May 23, 2007 Nuclear Watchdog Reports Iran Expanded Nuclear Program Iran defied another U.N. Security Council deadline to end uranium enrichment and has expanded its enrichment capacity, according to an International Atomic Energy Agency report released Wednesday.

	May 17, 2007 Treasury Secretary Discusses Wolfowitz, Chinese Economy U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson speaks with Jim Lehrer about World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz's troubles, the potential impact on the international body, and U.S.-China economic relations ahead of Paulson's meeting with Chinese officials next week.

	May 16, 2007 Embattled Wolfowitz Negotiating Future With World Bank World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz was negotiating with the bank's board Wednesday over his future there, following widespread criticism of his handling of a pay raise and a promotion for his girlfriend. A Financial Times reporter provides an update on the situation.

	May 15, 2007 White House Backs World Bank Head Paul Wolfowitz The White House on Tuesday defended World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz as a special committee found that he broke the rules in dealing with a former employee, who was also his girlfriend. A proponent and an opponent of Wolfowitz's resignation debate the matter.



	APRIL April 26, 2007 Somali Leader Declares Victory in War with Militants Despite Violence After a nine-day offensive by Ethiopian and Somali forces to clear Islamic militants from the capital city Mogadishu, Somalia's prime minister declared victory over the insurgents Thursday.

	April 18, 2007 U.S. Warns of New Sanctions Against Sudan if Darfur Violence Continues President Bush said Wednesday the United States would seek to tighten economic sanctions and impose new ones on the Sudanese government if it does not take firm steps to end the fighting in Darfur.

	April 16, 2007 World Bank President Vows to Stay in Post, Despite Criticism World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz said Sunday he would remain at his post, despite criticism over his involvement in securing a large pay increase for a female friend. An economic reporter details Wolfowitz's troubles.

	April 9, 2007 Iran Defies U.N. Resolution; Announces "Industrial Scale" Uranium Enrichment Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad announced that Iran has begun enriching uranium "on an industrial scale," an expansion of the nuclear program that has drawn U.N. sanctions and condemnation from the United States.

	April 6, 2007 Climate Change Will Hit Poor Hardest, U.N. Panel Says Changes to Earth's climate and ecosystems will hit the world's poor the hardest, according to a report released Friday by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Two of the report's lead authors, Michael Oppenheimer and Joel Smith, discuss the science and politics behind the findings.



	MARCH March 26, 2007 China, Russia Call on Iran to Heed U.N. Nuclear Demands Russia and China, which have trade ties with Iran, called on the Islamic republic Monday to fulfill the United Nations' demands on its nuclear program. Experts discuss recent developments.

	March 23, 2007 Plane Aiding AU Peacekeepers Shot Down A cargo plane taking off from Mogadishu was shot down Friday, after delivering equipment to Ugandan peacekeepers in Somalia's capitol.

	March 21, 2007 Iran Warns of 'Illegal' Actions if U.N. Imposes Sanctions Even as the U.N. Security Council opened talks over possible sanctions, Iran's supreme leader said Wednesday that Tehran will pursue nuclear activities outside international regulations.

	March 21, 2007 Fewer Options for Iraqi Refugees as Crisis Grows About 2 million Iraqis, roughly 8 percent of the pre-war population, have fled the country, according to the United Nations High Commission on Refugees. Most have gone to Jordan and Syria, the only neighboring countries that opened their borders to Iraqi refugees.

	March 15, 2007 Six World Powers Agree on New Sanctions Against Iran Ambassadors from six world powers agreed Thursday on a set of new sanctions against Iran for its nuclear program and sent the recommendations to the U.N. Security Council for a vote.

	March 12, 2007 U.N. Report Blames Sudanese Government for War Crimes A U.N. human rights investigative team accused the government of Sudan Monday of planning and participating in international crimes in Darfur, and called for a more aggressive international response.

	March 9, 2007 U.S., Brazil Sign Deal to Expand Ethanol Production An agreement between the United States and Brazil, signed Friday, would promote alternative fuel technology in an effort to expand international production of ethanol and reduce reliance on oil imports.

	March 6, 2007 U.N. Envoy to Darfur Discusses Continuing Crisis The genocide in Sudan's Darfur region was named the worst human rights abuse of 2006, according to a U.S. government report released Tuesday. Jan Eliasson, who has served as the U.N. envoy to Darfur since December, discusses the crisis.

	March 6, 2007 First African Union Peacekeepers Encounter Mortar Fire Just hours after African Union peacekeepers from Uganda landed in Mogadishu Tuesday, insurgents launched mortar attacks on the airport and on Somali government targets.



	FEBRUARY February 27, 2007 First Darfur War Crimes Suspects Announced International Criminal Court prosecutors on Tuesday named a Sudanese minister and a militia leader as the first two official suspects of war crimes in Darfur.

	February 23, 2007 International Agreements Hallmark of Antarctica It's the least hospitable place on Earth with its extreme cold and wind, and sovereign claims have been disputed for decades, yet Antarctica has become a model for international cooperation.

	February 23, 2007 Polar Year Explores How Earth Systems Interact The icy Arctic at the top of the world and the penguin-inhabited Antarctica at the bottom help keep the planet cool and contain much of the Earth's fresh water locked up in ice sheets.

	February 23, 2007 Slide Show: Dry Valley Organisms The dry valleys of Antarctica appear to be devoid of life, but digging in the ground reveals a startling discovery -- roundworms, which tell the tale of climate change.

	February 23, 2007 Profiles in Science: Matthew Druckenmiller Matthew Druckenmiller's work in the Arctic involved measuring sea ice and talking to local residents about what they observed.

	February 23, 2007 Profiles in Science: Cristina Millan Cristina Millan drilled into rock in Antarctica for 12-hour shifts to research climate change and even plate tectonics.

	February 23, 2007 Profiles in Science: Liz Miller Liz Miller helped map Antarctica's terrain, laying the groundwork for future researchers.

	February 22, 2007 Iran Defies U.N. Deadline on Uranium Enrichment Iran has expanded its uranium-enrichment activities in defiance of U.N. Security Council demands, the International Atomic Energy Agency reported. Analysts discuss what may happen next to address Iran's nuclear program.

	February 22, 2007 IAEA Finds Iran Continuing to Enrich Uranium Iran has continued to develop its uranium enrichment program, failing to meet a Feb. 21 U.N. deadline to halt the operation, the International Atomic Energy Agency said in a report issued Thursday.

	February 21, 2007 U.N. Security Council Approves AU Force in Somalia The U.N. Security Council unanimously approved an African Union peacekeeping mission for Somalia on Tuesday, after a day of mortar attacks left at least 15 people dead in the capital.

	February 16, 2007 Darfur Crisis Escalating, U.S. Envoy Says The United States urged African nations Thursday to offer troops for a joint U.N.-African Union force in Darfur as nongovernmental groups have threatened to leave because of escalating violence. Andrew Natsios, the U.S. envoy to Darfur, discusses the ongoing crisis.

	February 15, 2007 President Bush Presses NATO for More Troops in Afghanistan President George Bush called on NATO nations Thursday to send more soldiers to Afghanistan and loosen restrictions on the use of troops already in the country.

	February 13, 2007 North Korea Agrees to Abandon Nuclear Program North Korea signed a tentative agreement during six-party talks in Beijing to shut down its nuclear program in exchange for over $250 million worth of oil. Two political experts discuss the deal and its chances for success.



	JANUARY January 26, 2007 Violence in Somalia Furthers Humanitarian Crisis The ongoing conflict between Somalia's transitional government and Islamist groups has exacerbated an already desperate humanitarian crisis in the country due to drought and flooding.

	January 17, 2007 U.N. Agencies Say Aid Efforts in Darfur Could Collapse Fifteen U.N. agencies warned Wednesday that their relief operations in the volatile Darfur region of Sudan may collapse unless the government and rebel groups end the violence there.

	January 3, 2007 African Countries Plead for International Aid in Somalia Ethiopian and Somali leaders are calling for international peacekeepers to help stabilize Somalia. Meanwhile, Kenya bolstered border security to keep fleeing Islamists from entering the country. Experts discuss what comes next for Somalia and the region.