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Detective Techniques
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These resources provide a starting point for your investigation into document testing and related fields. For additional readings and research, visit your local library.


Online

Online Exhibit of Literary Forgery, Univ. of Delaware

Document Examination Index, Iowa Criminalistics Laboratory

Evidence Examinations of Questioned Documents, The FBI

In Print

Forensic Examination of Ink and Paper, Richard Brunelle and Robert Reed; Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1984.

Practice to Deceive: The Amazing Stories of Literary Forgery's Most Notorious Practitioners, Joseph Rosenblum; Oak Knoll Press, 2000. ISBN 158456010X

Pen, Ink & Evidence: A Study of Writing and Writing Materials for the Penman, Collector, and Document Detective, Joe Nickell; Oak Knoll Press, 2000.

Detecting Forgery: Forensic Investigation of Documents, Joe Nickell. Univ. Press of Kentucky, 1996.

Examining Examiners

If you need to get a document authenticated, choose someone qualified for the job. There are three different classes of document examiners:

  1. Government (generally forensics specialists; some accept private cases)
  2. Private examiners
  3. Graphologists (handwriting specialists)

A private examiner would be the preferred choice for most historical investigations.

However, authentication of historical documents is a narrow field. If you can't find a full-time specialist, try to locate an examiner with a good deal of experience in this field.

Ask for credentials and educational background. There are no 4-year academic programs for examiners. Completely avoid anyone who got their training through a correspondence course.

Find out whether they are certified. Like accountants, some examiners earn certification through additional training, but many do not.

Look for an examiner who is also an active member of at least one major QDE professional organization. These links will help you find some candidates for the job. If you need more options, look in the phonebook and online.

American Society of Questioned Document Examiners

American Board of Forensic Document Examiners