Fraser Neiman has been Director of Archaeology at Monticello in Charlottesville, VA since 1999. After receiving his bachelor's degree from Brown University in 1974, Neiman obtained his Master's degree in Anthropology in 1981 and his Ph. D. in 1990, both from Yale University.

His current research focuses on the archaeology of the greater Chesapeake region, from its initial settlement by Europeans and Africans to the Civil War. Among the topics he is currently pursuing are the implications of changing demography and labor processes for social relationships among enslaved people and slave owners. He is also part of the Monticello Plantation Archaeological Survey, a multidisciplinary initiative designed to reveal changes in settlement and land use on Thomas Jefferson's Albemarle County plantation.

Neiman also lectures on several topics, including Landscape Archaeology in the Department of Anthropology at the University of Virginia, as well as Methods in Historical Archaeology in the Department Architectural History at the University of Virginia.