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Suffrage Parade,
1913, New York |
While womens suffrage is now almost universal, history shows long delays between men and women gaining the right to vote in individual countries; the time elapsed between mens suffrage and womens suffrage ranged from one to 134 years, with the average delay for women amounting to 47 years. As of 1995, women had a legal right to vote everywhere in the world except in 6 countries in the Middle EastBahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emiratesas well as in Brunei, a small oil-rich monarchy in Southeast Asia. Since 1954, numerous International United Nations Conventions have been held to protect and further womens rights throughout the world. (Visit the WomenWatch U.N. Web site for more information.) By 1995, as a result of United Nations efforts,
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| Gap in Years Between Mens and Womens Right to Vote | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Norway | ||||||||||||||||||
| Denmark | ||||||||||||||||||
| Austria | ||||||||||||||||||
| Netherlands | ||||||||||||||||||
| US | ||||||||||||||||||
| UK | ||||||||||||||||||
| Spain | ||||||||||||||||||
| Turkey | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cuba | ||||||||||||||||||
| Phillippines | ||||||||||||||||||
| Italy | ||||||||||||||||||
| France | ||||||||||||||||||
| Japan | ||||||||||||||||||
| Belgium | ||||||||||||||||||
| Peru | ||||||||||||||||||
| Greece | ||||||||||||||||||
| Switzerland | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jordan | ||||||||||||||||||
| Portugal | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1980 | 1970 | 1960 | 1950 | 1940 | 1930 | 1920 | 1910 | 1900 | 1890 | 1880 | 1870 | 1860 | 1850 | 1840 | 1830 | 1820 | ||
| Countries Granting Women Voting Rights by Decade | |||||||||
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Before 1910
Finland New Zealand |
1910s
Austria Denmark Germany Iceland Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland ex-USSR |
1920s
ex-Czechoslovakia Lebanon Mongolia Sweden United Kingdom United States |
1930s
Brazil Cuba Pakistan Philippines Spain Sri Lanka Thailand Turkey Uruguay |
1940s
Albania Argentina Bangladesh Belgium Bulgaria Burma Cameroon Chile China Costa Rica Dominican Rep Ecuador France Guatemala Hungary Indonesia Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Korea, North Korea, South Laos Liberia Malta Mexico Niger Panama Romania Senegal Singapore Syria Trinidad & Tobago Venezuela Vietnam ex-Yugoslavia |
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1950s
Barbados Benin Bolivia Colombia Cote dIvoire Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Greece Guinea Guyana Haiti Honduras India Madagascar Malaysia Mali Mauritania Mauritius Nepal Nicaragua Peru Sierra Leone Somalia Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunesia |
1960s
Afghanistan Algeria Australia Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Canada Chad Congo Cyprus El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Gambia Iran Kenya Lesotho Libya Malawi Morocco Nigeria Paraguay Rwanda Swaziland Uganda Zaire Zambia |
1970s
Angola Fiji Jordan Mozambique Papau New Guinea Portugal Switzerland Yemen |
1980s
Central African Republic Iraq Nambia Zimbabwe |
1990s
Cambodia South Africa |
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| Women and Education | |||||
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Securing womens human rights has been a struggle and continues to be a struggle as the legality of political participation and protection for women often does not translate into a reality. In many countries gender-biased cultural norms persist and supercede womens legal rights. Access to education, especially higher education, is more limited for girls than boys, and below you will find a chart with more information on women and education. |
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Female Education as a Percent of Male Education, 1995 |
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| Literacy Rate | Elementary | Secondary | Higher Education | Average | |
| Latin America | 97 | 95 | 106 | 89 | 97 |
| Middle East | 75 | 86 | 71 | 64 | 74 |
| South Asia | 57 | 73 | 58 | 45 | 58 |
| Far East | 84 | 90 | 85 | 68 | 82 |
| Oceania | 81 | 86 | 81 | 47 | 74 |
| Africa | 69 | 82 | 78 | 54 | 71 |
| Developing Countries | 77 | 84 | 75 | 64 | 75 |
| Information has been reproduced, with permission, from "Women...A World Survey" by Ruth Leger Sivard, Copyright 1995 by World Priorities Inc., P.O. Box 25140, Washington DC, 20027, USA | |||||