Q: The president in his speech said that the United
States "will never accept anything less than complete
victory." How is "complete victory" defined by the administration?
That depends on whom you ask, and when you ask. The
new "National Strategy for Victory in Iraq'' gives a
short-, medium- and long-term definition. The short
term definition isn't really victory at all. It calls
for Iraq to "make steady progress'' in fighting terrorists,
holding elections and reaching other political milestones,
and beginning to create security forces. If that's short-term
victory, then the Iraqi government could argue that
it has already won.
But clearly it takes more, and in the White House definition,
over the medium-term Iraq has to take the lead in facing
terrorists, providing its own security, and creating
a "fully constitutional government.'' In the long term,
the White House wants an Iraq that is "peaceful, united,
stable, and secure'' and a "full partner'' in what President
Bush calls the "global war on terrorism.'' Victory by
this definition, it seems safe to say, is a good ways
off. Many American officials say they think troops could
begin to come home as soon as the government in Iraq
was stable enough that it could not be toppled by al
Qaeda, or Saddam's sympathizers, or feuding Shiites
and Sunnis. But as we've learned in Afghanistan, conditions
can change fast, and opponents of the government can
seize territory and gain in strength. For that reason,
some long-term American presence in Iraq seems highly
likely. The question is how big a force will be needed.
Q: The president has two more speeches on the war
before Iraq's parliamentary elections on December 15.
What will he talk about in these speeches? Will a successful
election provide some stability to the situation on
the ground?
Next Monday he'll be talking about political stability,
and before the Thursday election we expect he'll wrap
up his series of four speeches with a message that will
be equally directed at Americans and Iraqis. But no
one knows whether a successful election will usher in
stability or instability -- or, more likely, something
in between. There will be jockeying for jobs. There
will likely be attacks on the new parliamentary leaders.
And there is always the possibility that the resulting
coalition government will be deadlocked on big issues
-- something familiar to mature democracies as well.
The big question is whether Iraqi forces feel loyal
to the new government.
Q: Are the president's speech and the newly-released
war strategy resonating with American public? Where
is the public opinion on pre-war intelligence, the execution
of the war and a timetable for troop withdrawal, respectively?
It's always hard to tell how much a single speech resonates,
but a New York Times/CBS News Poll taken just a few
days after his "Plan for Victory'' speech in Annapolis
showed that the president's approval rating, which had
dropped to a low of 35 percent, was back up to 40 percent.
That's no reason for celebration in the White House
-- 53 percent still disapprove of how he is handling
his job -- but it shows that the President is bouncing
back.
More than half of those polled -- 52 percent -- said
the Bush administration deliberately deceived the public
when it made its case for war with Iraq; 44 percent
said it did not. But that question is a bit different
from asking whether the underlying intelligence was
itself wrong.
Interestingly, about 57 percent said Congress is not
asking enough questions about the war. (Twenty-three
percent said there were too many questions, a result
that is bound to be a shock to my fellow journalists.
We don't believe you can ever ask too many questions.)
And most seem to think there should be a timetable for
withdrawal. But the politics of this are complex: About
a third of those polled said that if their own representative
called for an immediate withdrawal of troops, they would
be less likely to vote for him or her next November.
Of course, the real answer may be that voters could
well decide whether withdrawal was a good idea after
they see if it works. Hindsight can change everything.
Q: What are the alternatives leading Democrats have
offered to solve the problems in Iraq? Are they still
standing behind their votes in 2002 for the invasion
of Iraq?
It's hard to say where Democrats stand, because they
are standing in lots of different places. Some, like
Rep. John Murtha, want a timetable for withdrawal. But
many in the party are unwilling to go on record favoring
that. Others say that had they known in 2002 what they
know now about the faulty intelligence, they would have
voted differently -- but that position, of course, isn't
much help in figuring out what to do now, with Saddam
on trial, 160,000 troops in the country, and the reconstruction
effort facing a new start.
At the other extreme, Senator Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut
has stuck with the president, and Mr. Bush has begun
citing him as a supporter of the administration's policy.
The fact is that Democrats don't have to come up with
a unified position -- yet. But as the presidential election
approaches, they are going to have to make some tough
choices.
Q: We noticed that during your trip to Asia, you
filed diligently for the website and the newspaper.
How do you find the time to write so many articles?
What is life like for a newspaper reporter on a foreign
trip? Do you even have time to take a shower?
Here's the good news: I made time for showers, in deference
to my colleagues, who had to sit next to me on the press
plane. But that came out of my sleeping time, which
was limited to a few hours a night. In fact, these trips
are a giant sleep deprivation experiment, interspersed
with crazy deadlines. I usually wrote two stories a
day for the Times; one at the end of the day in Asia,
another -- an update for our second edition -- in the
middle of our next day. I reworked versions of the same
story for the Asian edition of the International Herald
Tribune (which the Times owns), and updated them for
the European editions. I wrote for our website, so that
anyone who went to nytimes.com would find the latest
news on the trip.
Unfortunately, that didn't leave me much time to do
what I like to do most: Get out and talk to ordinary
people on the street, or to foreign leaders, about their
reactions to the President's travels and to his message.
That's what I used to do all the time when I lived in
Asia -- I was the Tokyo bureau chief for the Times a
decade ago --- and I miss it.
But I did have some fun. On the first day of the trip,
before President Bush arrived, I took some of my colleagues
on a temple tour of Kyoto -- and we ended up in a noodle
shop, where slurping is officially sanctioned, even
encouraged. In Beijing, I took an hour off to walk through
the Forbidden City, something I hadn't done in years.
And in Ulan Bator, the capital of Mongolia, I had an
urgent mission: I went shopping to find my sons those
great hats with the spike that sticks up from the center.
You don't see those every day in Washington, and they've
been wearing them around the house.