Further Reading

Find resources related to the Freedmen's Bureau and Northerners in the South after the war on this page, or access a general bibliography for Reconstruction in the State by State section of this site.

Web sites

A Fool's Errand, By One of the Fools
http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/tourgee/tourgee.html
Part of the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill's Documenting the American South archive, Albion Tourgée's fictionalized account of his experiences as a carpetbagger in North Carolina was published in 1879.

America's Reconstruction: Adelbert Ames
http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/reconstruction/section4/section4_ames.html
The Digital History Web site, a collaboration between the University of Houston, the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, and other institutions, presents an online version of Eric Foner and Olivia Mahoney's exhibit on Reconstruction. This section profiles Adelbert Ames, a Union veteran who went to Mississippi, where he became governor after the war. The site also includes a picture of an actual carpetbag, a common type of 19th-century traveling bag.

Books

Ames, Blanche Butler, ed. Chronicles from the Nineteenth Century: Family Letters of Blanche Butler and Adelbert Ames. v. 1 and v. 2, Privately issued, 1957.

Current, Richard Nelson. Those Terrible Carpetbaggers. New York, Oxford University Press, 1988.

Currie-McDaniel, Ruth. Carpetbagger of Conscience: A Biography of John Emory Bryant. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1987.

Duncan, Russell. Entrepreneur for Equality: Governor Rufus Bullock, Commerce, and Race in Post-Civil War Georgia. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1994.

Marchione, Jr., William P. Go South Young Man! Reconstruction Letters of a Massachusetts Yankee Benjamin Hodges, 1869-1877. South Carolina Historical Society Archives.

Olsen, Otto H. Carpetbagger's Crusade: The Life of Albion Winegar Tourgée. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1965.

Tunnell, Ted. Edge of the Sword: The Ordeal of Carpetbagger Marshall H. Twitchell in the Civil War and Reconstruction. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2001.

Twitchell, Marshall Harvey. Carpetbagger from Vermont. Edited by Ted Tunnell. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989.

Reconstruction: The Second Civil War
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