Medieval Stained Glass Science

Egyptologist Mark Lehner describes the lives of the pyramid-builders, as revealed in his ongoing excavation at Giza.

How did the Inca Empire become as vast as the Roman in just over a century?

Egyptologist Kasia Szpakowska decodes a mysterious stone monument erected between the Sphinx's front paws.

Zahi Hawass, head of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities, has taken extraordinary steps to preserve the monument.

Perched high in the Andes, Machu Picchu required ingenious construction, as engineer Ken Wright explains.

A Greek shipwreck holds the remains of an intricate bronze machine that turns out to be the world's first computer.

The Vikings may have trekked all the way to Iran in search of crucible steel.

A team uncovers the advanced engineering behind an ancient Egyptian war machine.

A military historian demonstrates how the ancient Egyptians fought from their chariots.

How did the ancient Egyptians protect themselves during battle?

With 360-degree and other imagery, walk around the Sphinx, enter the Great Pyramid, visit tombs and temples, and more.

See your name spelled in runes and learn the meaning of each of the letters in the Viking alphabet.

View a slide show of stone circles and other prehistoric ceremonial sites stretching from Scotland to Malta.

How did craftsmen of the Middle Ages make stained glass windows using little more than sand, wood, and fire?

Inca and conquistador soldiers had very different gear—and that made all the difference.

Archeologist Bill Dever says that polytheism may have been the norm in ancient Israel.

When designing Gothic cathedrals, some medieval builders drew on sacred measurements laid out in the pages of the Bible.

An expert discusses the controversial question of whether Stonehenge was an astronomical observatory.

Anthropologist Barbara MacLeod says that studying the ancient Maya language offers a unique window into the past.

Hear Chief Anne "Little Fawn" Richardson talk about the connection she feels to the famous Indian princess.