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Pup HowlVertical scale: frequency (0-4000 hertz); horizontal scale: time (1 frame aprox. equal to 2 seconds); color: signal strength (from lowest to highest, violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red). The above example of pup howling comes from a three-month-old pup that has just heard an adult howling near the den site. Notice how its howls are shorter in duration and higher in pitch, a consequence of its small overall size and lung capacity. The howls do have the same modulated structure as the adult lonesome howl, and serve the same role as contact calls. (back) What's in a Howl | Ed Bangs | Wolf-Dog Connection Resources | Guide | Transcript | Wolves Home Editor's Picks | Previous Sites | Join Us/E-mail | TV/Web Schedule About NOVA | Teachers | Site Map | Shop | Jobs | Search | To print PBS Online | NOVA Online | WGBH © | Updated November 2000 |