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notebook 11
[SOURCE: LETTER FROM THE RUSSIAN FEDERAL SECURITY SERVICE]
In June, 1994, a Colombian trader named Torres asks two Russians named Nikiforev and Penkov to help him obtain nuclear materials. Penkov, who lives in the nuclear research city of Obninsk, agrees. Penkov uses Eduard Baranov, who also lives in Obninsk, to get a fellow Obninsk resident, Astafiev, involved in "criminal activities."
Some time later in June, Astafiev hands over 2 grams of "radioactive material" to Torres via Penkov to have it tested. Torres makes a down payment of $2000 for the material.
Torres returns to Russia at the beginning of August and buys about 400 grams of material from Assafiev and Baranov in Russia. On August 10, 1994, Torres boards a Lufthansa flight at Moscow's Sheremetyevo airport to fly to to Munich.

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