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A
Public Torah Lesson
Although rebuilding
the Temple was at the heart of the returning exiles' agenda, the
destruction of Solomon's temple and life in exile had begun to shift
the focus of their practice away from sacrifices in the Temple and
toward the sacred writings known as the Torah.
As part of the national and religious revival in Judah, Ezra
introduced the Torah in a public reading, as described in this
excerpt from the Book of Nehemiah, making clear that it was to
be the basis of law for the restored nation.
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When the seventh month came -- the
people of Israel being settled in their towns -- all the
people gathered together into the square before the Water
Gate. They told the scribe Ezra to bring the book of the
law of Moses, which YHWH
had given to Israel. Accordingly, the priest Ezra brought
the law before the assembly, both men and women and all
who could hear with understanding. This was on the first
day of the seventh month. He read from it facing the square
before the Water Gate from early morning until midday, in
the presence of the men and the women and those who could
understand; and the ears of all the people were attentive
to the book of the law.
The scribe Ezra stood on a wooden platform that had been
made for the purpose; and beside him stood Mattithiah, Shema,
Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah on his right hand;
and Pedaiah, Mishael, Malchijah, Hashum, Hash-baddanah,
Zechariah, and Meshullam on his left hand. And Ezra opened
the book in the sight of all the people, for he was standing
above all the people; and when he opened it, all the people
stood up. Then Ezra blessed YHWH, the great God, and all
the people answered, 'Amen, Amen,' lifting up their hands.
Then they bowed their heads and worshiped YHWH with their
faces to the ground. Also Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin,
Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad,
Hanan, Pelaiah, the Levites, helped the people to understand
the law, while the people remained in their places. So they
read from the book, from the law of God, with interpretation.
They
gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.
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