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Torah
as a Source of Knowledge
Judah Messer
Leon, a physician and scholar in 15th-cen. Italy, was the author
of Nofet Æufim ("The Honeycomb's Flow"), a treatise
on rhetoric. Like other Renaissance intellectuals, he studied
the Greek and Roman classics, but he considered the Torah as the
source of all knowledge. While some of his co-religionists were
embarrassed by aspects of Judaism and Jewish practice, Leon took
pride in the entire Jewish literary heritage. In this passage,
he describes the Torah as the original font of rhetoric, a discipline
highly esteemed in Renaissance Italy.
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In the days of prophecy, indeed, in the months of old, when
out of Zion, the perfection of beauty, God shined forth,
we used to learn and know from the holy Torah all the sciences
and truths of reason, including all that were humanly attained,
for everything is either latent therein or plainly stated.
What other peoples possessed of these sciences and truths
was, by comparison with us, very little. . . . But after
the indwelling Presence of God departed from our midst because
of our many iniquities, when prophecy and insight ceased
. . . we were no longer able to derive understanding of
all scientific developments and attainments from the Torah's
words; this condition, however, persists due to our own
falling short, our failure to know the Torah in full perfection.
Thus the matter has come to be in reverse; for if, after
we have come to know all the sciences . . . we study the
words of the Torah, then the eyes of our understanding open
to the fact that the sciences are included in the Torah's
words, and we wonder how we could have failed to realize
this from the Torah itself to begin with. . . .
For
when I studied the words of the Torah in the way now common
among most people, I had no idea that the science of rhetoric
or any part of it was included therein. But once I had studied
and investigated rhetoric, searched for her as for hid treasures
out of the treatises written by men of nations other than
our own, and afterwards came back to see what is said of
her in the Torah and the Holy Scriptures, then the eyes
of my understanding were opened, and I saw that it is the
Torah which was the giver.
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