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Freedom: A History of US.
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Webisode 13: Democracy and Struggles
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Jackie Robinson
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And then Branch Rickey finds Jack Roosevelt Robinson, just the man he is looking for See It Now - Jackie Robinson. Jackie Robinson earned letters in four sports at UCLA. He did well in school. And he has always stood up for his beliefs. As an officer in the army, Robinson refused to move when a driver asked him to sit in the back of a bus. Rickey is impressed. He invites Robinson to New York and tells him he wants him to break baseball's color line. But he has to promise to hold his temper and not to fight back, no matter what happens. Robinson has never backed away from a fight. He knows that if someone insults him it will be very difficult to turn the other cheek. But he is going to do something bigger than anything he's done before; it is more important than his feelings. It is for his people and for all people. Jackie agrees. He says Hear It Now - Jackie Robinson "I am ... delighted with my contract and I'll certainly do my best on the field." And Branch Rickey answers, "I'm very sure you will."

On April 15, 1947, Jackie Robinson bats in Brooklyn for the first time as a major leaguer. Then, when the Dodgers visit Philadelphia, things turn ugly. The Phillies' manager, Ben Chapman, spews hate language at Robinson and encourages his players to do the same. The abuse isn't all verbal. Runners begin sliding into Jackie and cutting him with their spikes; pitchers throw at his head. But Robinson keeps his word Check The Source - Letter from Jackie Robinson to Branch Rickey, as Rickey explains, Hear It Now - Branch Rickey "No player in the history of baseball, I think, was ever subjected to such vile baiting from opposite benches, the basely unkind criticisms in print. He played admirably in spite of it all. He really turned the other cheek. He is a credit to baseball, and to America."

In his rookie season, Jackie Robinson finishes first in the league in stolen bases and second in runs scored. He ties for the team lead in home runs. In September, the Dodgers win the National League pennant. After this, Robinson no longer has to keep quiet, and he doesn't. He has won the affection and respect of his fellow ballplayers and of the nation. He was first; he took the punishment; he made it easier for those who followed. Baseball was now the national pastime for all the people.


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Did You Know?
When some Dodgers didn't want to play on the team with a black man, Branch Rickey traded them away to other teams.


Did you know that Freedom is adapted from the award-winning Oxford University Press multi-volume book series, A History of US by Joy Hakim?



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