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NEWS FEATURE:
Vatican Peace Appeal to U.S.
March 7, 2003    Episode no. 627
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BOB ABERNETHY: As diplomats tried frantically to repair the divisions over backing war at the UN Security Council and the president insisted the U.S. needed no UN permission to attack, if it chooses to do so, the Vatican made one more diplomatic effort of its own, sending a top official to talk to President Bush. Kim Lawton reports.

Photo of President Bush with Cardinal Pio Laghi
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KIM LAWTON: Pope John Paul II's personal envoy, Cardinal Pio Laghi, came to Washington with a message the Vatican has emphasized over and over again in recent weeks. At a Washington, D.C. Ash Wednesday service, the cardinal repeated what he had told President Bush a few hours earlier:

Cardinal PIO LAGHI (at homily): War is always a defeat for humanity.

LAWTON: In a 40-minute closed-door session with the president, Laghi reiterated the Vatican's opposition to war with Iraq and said any decision about military force must be made through the United Nations.

Afterward, the cardinal told us he still believes there is no moral justification for a U.S.-led attack against Iraq.

Photo of Cardinal Pio Laghi Cardinal LAGHI: A preventive war is not possible. It's immoral. It's not just.

LAWTON: Laghi described his meeting with the president as frank, but cordial.

Cardinal LAGHI (speaking at the National Press Club): He was interested, let me put it in that way. He was listening to me.

(Unidentified reporter): Persuaded?

Cardinal LAGHI: Ah, persuaded? You'll have to ask him.

ARI FLEISHER (White House Spokesman): The president thinks the most immoral act of all would be if Saddam Hussein were to somehow transfer his weapons to terrorists who could use them against us.

LAWTON: Jim Nicholson is U.S. Ambassador to the Vatican.

(To Mr. Nicholson): Has it damaged the relationship?

JIM NICHOLSON (U.S. Ambassador to the Vatican): No, the relationship is very strong because we have such a foundation of common values.

LAWTON: Laghi's mission was the latest in a series of Vatican diplomatic initiatives to avert war. The pope has met with several key international leaders, and he dispatched another personal envoy to Baghdad to meet with Saddam Hussein. The U.S. Catholic Bishops have also expressed their serious concerns that war would not meet the traditional just war criteria.

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Cardinal THEODORE MCCARRICK (Archdiocese of Washington): If someone is attacking you, you may respond. If someone is hurting your people, the government has the right to defend them. But whether what we know now, the information we have now allows us to say that -- there's our problem.

LAWTON: The Church hierarchy has been united in concern about war. But Catholics in the pews -- like most Americans -- are more divided. Some lay Catholics say war with Iraq is morally justified.

Photo of George Weigel GEORGE WEIGEL (Ethics and Public Policy Center): When a demonstratively aggressive regime acquires weapons of mass destruction -- not for purposes of deterrence, but for purposes of attack -- it is legitimate to say, in moral terms, this is an aggression under way to which there is a morally legitimate claim to response.

LAWTON: As Catholic officials promise continued efforts to prevent war, Weigel claims under just war tradition, the ultimate moral judgment belongs to the state.

Mr. WEIGEL: Catholic teaching says that this is a tradition for statesmen and they have to make the call, because they are the only ones with the full information necessary to make the call, and they are the ones who have assumed the burden of moral choice here.

LAWTON: Cardinal Laghi says the Church won't let up in trying to influence those decisions.

(to Cardinal Laghi): Can you give us a sense now of what the next initiative of the Vatican is going to be?

Photo of Cardinal Pio Laghi Cardinal LAGHI: We are playing all cards possible in favor of peace, against the war.

LAWTON: The Church has urged its one billion members to keep praying that war can be avoided.

I'm Kim Lawton in Washington.

ABERNETHY: Cardinal Laghi urged the president to avoid war on the same day -- Ash Wednesday -- that top U.S. defense officials told the president the military is ready for war whenever Mr. Bush gives the order.

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