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FEATURE:
Spiritual Themes of THE MATRIX RELOADED
May 16, 2003    Episode no. 638
Read This Week's October 3, 2008
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BOB ABERNETHY, anchor: Now, the phenomenon of THE MATRIX. The second MATRIX movie is not only a hit with the public but also a provocative topic for theologians, philosophers, and everyone else interested in such questions as what is really real and the relationship of freedom and technology.

Kim Lawton has a special report on THE MATRIX RELOADED and the many messages moviegoers are finding in it.

Morpheus from THE MATRIX RELOADED: What if the prophecy is true? What if tomorrow, the war could be over? Isn't that worth fighting for? Isn't that worth dying for?

KIM LAWTON: THE MATRIX RELOADED is blasting box office records, propelled in large part by dazzling special effects. But underneath the action is an enigmatic story, loaded with theological and philosophical references. Professor Lynn Schofield Clark teaches religion and pop culture at the University of Colorado. She says THE MATRIX reflects many contemporary spiritual trends.

A photo of Professor Lynn Schofield Clark Prof. LYNN SCHOFIELD CLARK (Director, "Teens and the New Media," School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Colorado): It really fits well with this younger generation that is really skeptical about religion, and very skeptical about institutions of religion, but at the same time interested in spirituality. It points to the idea that there are much more interesting questions to ask, than finding the answers necessarily.

LAWTON: It's a complex, often confusing tale that began with the first MATRIX film in 1999. Neo, the hero, learns the world he has been living in is actually a computer-generated program -- the Matrix -- which is dominating humankind.

Morpheus from film THE MATRIX: You could feel it when you go to work, when you go to church, when you pay your taxes. It is the world that has been pulled over your eyes to blind you from the truth. What truth? You are a slave, Neo.

A photo of Neo flying
Courtesy Warner Brothers
LAWTON: Neo is unplugged from the Matrix and reborn into the real world. He joins up with other rebels who believe he is "The One" prophesied about -- "The One" who will free all humanity from the tyranny of technology.

Morpheus from THE MATRIX: There is only one way to save our city: Neo.

LAWTON: In the second film, Neo continues to explore his mission as the cataclysmic battle builds between man and machine. Along the way, he confronts questions about the meaning of life, purpose, destiny, good versus evil -- and the old philosophical question over what is real.

Avid viewers have identified allusions to Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Taoism, the Ba'hai religion, Greek mythology, postmodernism, Gnosticism, and nihilism -- just to name a few.

Prof. CLARK: One of the things that's really interesting about this film as well as the first film is how much we see a mix of East and West philosophies coming together.

LAWTON: Professor Clark is author of a new book, FROM ANGELS TO ALIENS: TEENAGERS, THE MEDIA AND THE SUPERNATURAL.

A photo of the 3 leads
Courtesy Warner Brothers
Prof. CLARK: Young people are much more interested in the possibilities in all religions or the idea that there might be similarities in different religions because this is a generation that is multicultural and comes with a varied background. And so they've been in interaction with different people and are intrigued by that, that you can learn from different paths.

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LAWTON: Some of the religious references are subtle; others more overt.

Morpheus from THE MATRIX: He is The One.

Prof. CLARK: Neo is identified as "The One." So clearly, those of us who come from a Christian perspective are going to see that he is like the Messiah, but there is also a very clear Buddhist message as well, and that is that "The One" in Buddhism means "the enlightened one," or "the one who has come to a full awareness of what reality really is."

LAWTON: Neo's partner is Trinity, who raises him from the dead in the first film and offers herself as a sacrifice in the second. Neo's mentor is Morpheus. In Greek mythology, Morpheus is the god of dreams. TTHE MATRIX's Morpheus has been likened to Moses, John the Baptist, and a Zen priest.

A photo of the ship Nebuchadnezzar
Courtesy Warner Brothers
Morpheus from THE MATRIX RELOADED: Tonight, let us make them remember: This is Zion and we are not afraid.

LAWTON: Liberated humans live in Zion. In the Bible, the city of Zion was the capital of God's chosen people and also a prophetic symbol for redeemed humanity.

Morpheus is captain of a ship called the NEBUCHADNEZZAR -- the ancient Babylonian king who sacked Jerusalem and in the Book of Daniel, had disturbing dreams about future kingdoms. Also clear is Neo's affinity for the eastern-infused martial arts.

Prof. CLARK: People who are practitioners of the martial arts say that you really have to have a sense of Buddhism and Taoism when you are practicing the martial arts to really reach the higher levels of the art.

LAWTON: Professor Clark believes the film works because different people come away with different interpretations of its meaning.

A photo of Neo fighting  Courtesy Warner Brothers
Prof. CLARK: You can find Christian Web sites that talk about the gospel and THE MATRIX and read it very allegorically from that perspective. And another really interesting thing that I found, the Soka Gakkai is one of the fastest-growing Buddhist groups in the U.S., very popular on university campuses -- they actually use THE MATRIX as a way to open discussions about Buddhism, about Buddhist practices among young people.

LAWTON: THE MATRIX raises many ultimate questions that transcend specific traditions. While the first film dealt largely with concepts of truth, reality, and the material world, the second explores themes of purpose and control.

Prof. CLARK: I think that's a really interesting question: Who controls who in the Matrix? There's that struggle between -- are we controlling the machines or are they really controlling us? There is a constant question going on in the movie: How much free choice do we really have and how much of it is that we are just playing out the destiny of our lives?

LAWTON: The questions of THE MATRIX are many, the answers few, and mostly cryptic.

Prof. CLARK: You see that in Buddhism as well as Christian parables. The idea there is a riddle to solve, a story that we can't know exactly what it means, a lot of different ways to understand it. But we know there is some truth in it.

LAWTON: Perhaps many truths to be further revealed in the third MATRIX movie, due in November.

I'm Kim Lawton reporting.

ABERNETHY: The creators of the MATRIX movies are reclusive brothers, Larry and Andy Wachowski. The Wachowskis have refused to talk about their beliefs or what THEY think are the religious and philosophical messages of their films.

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