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PERSPECTIVES:
Ronald Reagan and the Religious Right
June 11, 2004    Episode no. 741
Read This Week's November 7, 2008
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BOB ABERNETHY, anchor: President Reagan had a special relationship with conservative Protestant evangelicals -- he identifying with them, they voting for him. We want to explore that with political analyst E. J. Dionne, columnist for THE WASHINGTON POST, senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, and professor at Georgetown University. His latest book is called STAND UP, FIGHT BACK. Also with Richard Cizik, vice president of the National Association of Evangelicals. Welcome to you both

Rich, how would you describe this mutual admiration society between President Reagan and the religious right?

Reverend RICHARD CIZIK (National Association of Evangelicals): Well, it started early on in the campaign, when then-candidate Ronald Reagan said to evangelicals, he said, "You can't endorse me, but I'll endorse you." And that was the start of a love affair between evangelicals and Ronald Reagan.

ABERNETHY: E. J.?

Photo of E. J. DIONNE E. J. DIONNE (Columnist, THE WASHINGTON POST): I think it was a paradox wrapped in an enigma. I mean, here was somebody who, on the one hand, was very much a product of Hollywood. He was very comfortable. He was divorced. He rarely attended church, as far as we could tell. And many who were --

ABERNETHY: While he was president?

Mr. DIONNE: While he was president, yes. And many who were secular saw him as much as the creature of that first life, and therefore saw him as tolerant, as very tolerant, as saw him as deeply religious. And yet he did build this bond with a movement that in many ways predated his presidency. The Christian conservative movement really got organized in the '70s. And I think Reagan did have some sense of faith that came from his mother, from everything he said, but also realized the political power of the evangelical movement in politics.

ABERNETHY: So Rich, is that fair that -- a fair comment -- that his relationship was more political than religious?

Photo of RICHARD CIZIK Rev. CIZIK: The policies, yes, [had] been developing. The connections, yes, had been developing. But Reagan really cemented this relationship with the evangelicals. And he was assertive about that faith that he had and the policies that he believed in. And he, as you know, once spoke to evangelicals -- that is, the National Association of Evangelicals -- so that helped too.

ABERNETHY: Yeah, I wanted to ask you about this. This was 1983?

Rev. CIZIK: 1983, yes.

ABERNETHY: ... when the president came to Orlando, Florida, where your group was meeting -- the National Association of Evangelicals -- and made his famous "Evil Empire" speech. You helped organize that. What did you have in mind?

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Rev. CIZIK: Well, I sent the invitation and thought, "Look, this president needs to cast this debate." And E. J., at that time we had a million people in Central Park protesting cruise missiles in Western Europe, fearful this man would start a nuclear war. And I thought the debate needed to be cast in terms beyond simply political weaponry and the rest, and cast it in terms of a "moral" crusade. Frankly, when the band started to play "Onward Christian Soldiers," even that I thought was aggressive.

ABERNETHY: Anyway, that worked.

Rev. CIZIK: It certainly did, and the debate was on.

Photo of Dionne and Cizik Mr. DIONNE: You know, Rich, I wanted to ask you -- I think very few people remember that that was at the NAE. But there's something else about white evangelicals, which is that their political conversion actually predates the rise of any religious conservative movement. In the 1960s a lot of evangelicals or white southerners -- white southerners began converting to the Republican Party over civil rights and other '60s issues. Is it fair to look at it that way and see religion as reinforcing a conversion that had already begun?

Rev. CIZIK: Yes, without the policies, these people would not have gone that way, because Jimmy Carter was an evangelical Christian, but his policies on abortion and other issues -- even his appointments did not coincide with his faith. So it was the actions which followed that deep commitment to faith that cemented this relationship.

Mr. DIONNE: And it is one of the great ironies that Ronald Reagan defeated the first president in a long time who was an openly committed evangelical Christian.

Rev. CIZIK: Yes, yes.

ABERNETHY: E. J., what did you make of all the adulation of this week?

Mr. DIONNE: Well, I know that President Reagan's critics saw it as a week-long hagiography. I think there is a certain natural response to someone who clearly did have a huge political impact for the Right the way Franklin Roosevelt had for the liberal side. I think some questions got shoved aside -- I think in the coming weeks people will take a more balanced view of President Reagan. President Reagan's folks always emphasized the importance of pictures, and this week produced some very powerful pictures and pageantry.

Photo of panel Rev. CIZIK: But, the world changed, E. J., and he was a man who changed it. You can't change that fact, and that is what Americans love him for.

ABERNETHY: Did you consider Ronald Reagan an evangelical?

Rev. CIZIK: Oh, absolutely -- baptized at 11, taught Sunday school, said when he was near death from an assassin's bullet, he said, "Do I want to meet God? No, I've got a lot of work left to do." But when asked to clarify that, he said, "Yes, Jesus is my savior."

Mr. DIONNE: Evangelicals saw him as evangelical. Those who weren't evangelical were not sure he was an evangelical. This is a sign of a very persuasive politician.

ABERNETHY: E. J. Dionne, Richard Cizik of the National Association of Evangelicals, many thanks to you both.

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