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In 1829 the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata -- yet another attempt at central government -- succumbed to provincial strongmen, who forced the resignation of the first national president. Centralists responded with the assassination of a former Buenos Aires governor in the same year. Capitalizing on popular anger over this act, Juan Manuel de Rosas, a wealthy caudillo, won the governorship of Buenos Aires on an autonomist ticket. What the centralists had failed to do constitutionally, Rosas achieved through personal politics and the growing economic might of Buenos Aires. From 1829, until his overthrow in 1852, Rosas ruled the provinces in financial and foreign matters, but without benefit of a national constitution.
photo: Hulton Archive
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Oligarch Juan Manuel de Rosas
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