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Women of the American Revolution and the Timeless Fight for Recognition

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{Jump to the Profiles of Six Founding Women Who Refused to be Footnotes}

Thirteen years ago, when I first started teaching, I noticed something that would become painfully familiar: When my male colleague and I did the same work with equal dedication, the feedback told different stories. His ideas were “innovative”; mine were “interesting.” So I overprepared, stayed late, and went above and beyond, simply to reach the baseline of respect he was granted by default.

What happened to me wasn’t new. In fact, lack of recognition for women’s achievements is something that has been happening for centuries. All you have to do is look back at the stories of the women who built the very country we are living in today.

The 0.5% Problem: Why We Forget

The history we teach is often a “Great Man” narrative. We see George Washington’s profile on the quarter and Thomas Jefferson’s name on the monuments. But what about the women who kept the engine of the American Revolution running? History hasn’t just forgotten them; in many cases, it intentionally looked the other way. A 2021 National Monument audit by Monument Lab found that a staggering 0.5% of public statues in the United States depict historical women. Women made up nearly 50% of the colonial population and were the primary drivers of the economic boycotts (like the tea protests) that actually helped spark the war. Our history of the Revolutionary era often tells only the stories of men’s contributions on the battlefield and at the Continental Congress; in reality, women were also funding, organizing, and fighting for the same cause.

When I teach the names of Revolutionary women, I’m not teaching just women’s history. I’m teaching American History. If we leave the women out of the history, we aren’t telling a complete story.

Why This Matters in My Classroom Today

The fight for recognition didn’t end in the 1780s. Every time I stand at the front of the room, I am refusing to be a footnote. I am telling my students they don’t have to be either. The women featured in this article didn’t wait for permission. They didn’t shrink to fit. That’s exactly the boldness I want my students to claim as their own.

During the American Revolution, space opened for new ideas about freedom and liberty to be discussed. Those conversations changed history, and today they continue with every woman who is bold enough to be herself, fully and unapologetically. They continue every time a woman claims her voice. They continue whenever a young woman realizes she doesn’t have to choose between being worthy and being bold — she can be both, she is both, she has always been both.

Here are a few of the women I teach to my class who were wives, mothers, and daughters. I hope my students — and yours — will also see them as the leaders, strategists, documentarians, and warriors they truly were.

Six Founding Women Who Refused to Be Footnotes

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1. Abigail Adams: The Shadow Diplomat

Abigail Adams wasn’t just the wife of John Adams. While her husband was off in Philadelphia or Europe, Abigail Adams was running a mini-empire. She managed the family farm, navigated complex wartime economics, and raised children, all while serving as John Adams’ most trusted political adviser. When she told him to “Remember the Ladies,” she wasn’t making a polite request — she was warning him that a government without the consent of the governed (including women) was inherently unstable.

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2. Mercy Otis Warren: The Pen as a Sword

I view Mercy Otis Warren as the “propagandist in chief.” In an era where a woman’s political opinion was seen as a social defect, she wrote scathing satirical plays that turned public opinion against the British. Because her gender would have caused men to stop reading, she often published under a pseudonym. She later wrote a massive, three-volume history of the American Revolution, only to have male historians dismiss it for decades.

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3. Phillis Wheatley: The Intellectual Revolutionary

Phillis Wheatley’s story is a master class in resilience. As an enslaved Black woman, she had to defend her own intelligence before a panel of distinguished men who didn’t believe she could possibly write such sophisticated poetry. She broke through the triple-barrier of race, gender, and status, using her work to point out the glaring hypocrisy of colonists crying for liberty while keeping people in chains.

Resource: The Poetry and Legacy of Phillis Wheatley - For Grades 9-12

 

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4. Betsy Ambler: The History Keeper

Betsy Ambler stands as a testament to the countless women whose courage, compassion, and quiet leadership were just as essential to the American story as any battle won. Only 10 years old when the war started, Ambler documented her experiences through letters shared with her family and friends after the war that tell the tale of her coming of age during a pivotal moment in history. She went on to cofound the Female Humane Association of Richmond, one of the first women-led charitable organizations in Virginia. 

Resource: The Experiences of a Young Girl During the American Revolution: Betsy Ambler - For Grades 3-8

 

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5. Deborah Sampson: The Ultimate Disrupter

Deborah Sampson didn’t wait for permission to serve. She disguised herself as Robert Shurtliff and fought in the Continental Army for over a year. At one point, she was wounded and actually removed a musket ball from her own leg with a penknife to avoid a doctor discovering her secret. She eventually won a military pension, proving that a woman’s place was wherever the fight for freedom happened to be.

Resource: Women and the American Revolution | Interactive Lesson - For Grades 9-12

Watch a clip on PBS.org: Treasures of New Jersey Presents: Grit & Grace - Revolutionary Heroines

 

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6. Sybil Ludington: The Teenage Hero

Everyone knows Paul Revere, but Sybil Ludington rode 40 miles, twice as far as Revere, through the rain and dark to alert the militia when she was just 16 years old. While Revere got a famous poem and a place in every textbook, Ludington’s ride was largely ignored for nearly 200 years.

Watch a clip on PBS.org: The Midnight Ride of Sybil Ludington

 

About the Author

CHAYANEE BROOKS

Chayanee Brooks is a PBS LearningMedia Teacher Ambassador and a National Board Certified teacher who has been recognized as a Kaʻū-Keaʻau-Pāhoa Complex Area Teacher of the Year 2023, Hawaiʻi State Teacher Fellow, and Pulitzer Center Teacher Fellow. She is currently a Ph.D. student in Neuroscience. With understanding of neuroplasticity, learning, and memory, Brooks has been embedding socratic seminars in her courses to cognitively engage and empower her students. She has given professional development training for teachers on how to use cogenerative, open-ended, and explorative dialogues through collaboration in order to generate authentic learning experiences. She is the author of numerous articles on assessment, feedback, and student voice. Her passion is advising her students in her journalism class to produce their own personal documentary stories that are aired on public television in Hawaiʻi.

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