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Discover the story of a public health revolution that doubled the human lifespan.
Discover the little-known story of the innovations in science and medicine that doubled the human lifespan in less than a century, and celebrate the unsung heroes of public health who believed change was possible and acted on it.
Discover the little-known story of the innovations in science and medicine that doubled the human lifespan in less than a century, and celebrate the unsung heroes of public health who believed change was possible and acted on it.
Extra Life: A Short History of Living Longer
Florence Nightingale Used Creativity to Alter Hygiene Habits
Florence Nightingale used data and creativity to alter the course of human health.
Florence Nightingale Used Creativity to Alter Hygiene Habits
Extra Life: A Short History of Living Longer
Alexander Fleming's Messy Desk Leads to a Major Discovery
Alexander Fleming's untidy desk becomes the key to a major scientific breakthrough.
Alexander Fleming's Messy Desk Leads to a Major Discovery
Extra Life: A Short History of Living Longer
Discover the story of a public health revolution that doubled the human lifespan.
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Providing Support for PBS.org
Photos from Extra Life: A Short History of Living Longer
About the Show
Explore this four-part series, which examines the science and medical innovations that conquered some of the world's deadliest diseases and doubled life expectancies for many across the globe.



Set in the context of the COVID-19 crisis, this series explores the lessons learned from previous global pandemics — including smallpox, cholera, the Spanish flu and others — and reveals how scientists, doctors, self-experimenters and activists launched a public health revolution, saving millions of lives, fundamentally changing how we think about illness and ultimately paving the way for modern medicine.
Best-selling Author Steven Johnson ("The Ghost Map," "How We Got to Now") and Historian and Broadcaster David Olusoga ("Civilizations,"** "Black & British: A Forgotten History") combine expertise to guide viewers across 300 years of medical innovation, and go behind the scenes of modern medicine to meet the unsung heroes who are tackling COVID-19 and other public health threats. Johnson and Olusoga shed light on scientific breakthroughs and reveal how collective efforts around the world can lead to extraordinary outcomes, including doubling the human lifespan in under a century.
Episode 1 | Vaccines
Discover the role vaccination plays in our growing ability to prevent the spread of illness. Travel through the remarkable history of vaccines and learn how new ones are developed when never-before-seen diseases emerge.
Episode 2 | Medical Drugs
Learn about the surprisingly recent invention of medicine that combats illness directly, such as antibiotics. From the accidental discovery of penicillin to today's hunt for antivirals, this history underpins work to find COVID-19 treatments.
Episode 3 | Data
Track the importance of data mapping and analysis in the quest to improve public health. The painstaking work of past data detectives made us aware of epidemic "curves" as well as the extent of health inequalities among different U.S. communities.
Episode 4 | Behavior
Understand the importance of persuading the public to protect themselves during health crises.
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