| 
            In the spirit of the Zurich cafés where Einstein did some of
            his most creative thinking, turn your library into a lively Science
            Kaffeehaus. Your guests can hear from a local scientist and take
            part in a trivia game—all related to E = mc2. It's a fun and effective way to reach new audiences and help
            bridge the gap between the scientific community and the public.
           
            Ages: 18 and upTime: 2-1/2 hours
 Group Size: 15 or more (depending on your space)
 Get Ready
            
              
                Get to know E = mc2
               
                Don't worry—it's not your job to explain the equation!
                Your goal is to feel comfortable sharing the following
                background information:
               
                
                  
                    
                      The year 2005 marks the centennial of Einstein's famous
                      equation
                      E = mc2—a groundbreaking insight he came to at the age of
                      26.
                    
                    
                      To derive the equation, Einstein built upon the work of
                      many scientists, including women and other scientific
                      "outsiders."
                    
                    
                      The equation's legacy continues in countless inventions
                      and discoveries (these connections can be made by your
                      scientist speaker).
                     
 
                
                  
                    Visit NOVA's Einstein's Big Idea Web site (www.pbs.org/nova/einstein).
                  
                  
                    Read David Bodanis's book,
                    E = mc2: A Biography of the World's Most Famous Equation.
                  
                  
                    Review other resources of interest from the
                    resource lists.
                  
              Set a date, time, and location
              Find a scientist to host the trivia event 
                
                  
                    Contact the World Year of Physics 2005 Speakers
                      Program, which can help locate scientists who have a knack for
                    explaining to the public Einstein's ideas and their impact
                    (www.physics2005.org/speakers/index.html).
                  
                  
                    Contact your local chapter of Sigma Xi, the
                    Scientific Research Society, whose members represent a
                    diverse set of scientific disciplines (www.sigmaxi.org/chapters/lists/index.shtml).
                  
                  
                    Inquire at local colleges and museums for suggestions
                    of experts who would be interested in presenting.
                  
                  
                    Seek articulate, engaging presenters. Also, consider
                    breaking down stereotypes by finding scientists from
                    underrepresented groups, such as women and minorities.
                  
                  
                    Explain their role: To engage the general public in a
                    dialogue and trivia game related to E = mc2, its significance, and how it affects them today. Inform
                    them that the time commitment is small and little
                    preparation is necessary.
                  
                  
                    Establish whether a monetary incentive is needed for
                    your speaker and, if so, how you can fund it.
                  
              Publicize the event 
                
                  
                    Send a press release or information about the event
                    to local television stations and to online and printed
                    calendar listings in listservs, newsletters, and newspapers
                    (see sample press release at right).
                  
                  
                    Post flyers for the event at the library and in the
                    community.
                  
                  
                    List your event in the World Year of Physics events
                      database. This nationwide database is searchable by state or date
                    (www.physics2005.org/events/index.html).
                  
                  
                    Suggest people sign up individually or in teams, and
                    ask people to register (by sign-up sheet at the library or
                    by email) so that you have a sense of the group size.
                  
              Recruit volunteers 
                Enlist library personnel or volunteers to moderate, judge, and
                provide A/V support.
               
                
                  
                    The moderator will introduce the scientist, clarify
                    rules for trivia, and run the Q & A session. The
                    moderator should be comfortable speaking in public and
                    familiar with the concepts being discussed.
                  
                  
                    Have two to three volunteers hand out, collect, and
                    score trivia answer sheets. They don't need to have any
                    special expertise but should understand the questions and
                    answers so they can accurately score response variations.
                  
                  
                    An A/V volunteer should set up any equipment before
                    the event begins and be available to help with glitches that
                    may arise during the evening. Use of a microphone is
                    recommended to ensure that everyone can hear.
                  
              Gather snacks, prizes, and materials 
                
                  
                    Create a Swiss Kaffeehaus by offering coffee, tea,
                    and hot chocolate, along with small pastries such as strudel
                    slices and butter cookies. Play classical music, such as
                    Bach's Brandenberg Concerti.
                  
                  
                    Obtain prizes for all participants and/or the winning
                    team.
                  
                  
                    Photocopy the
                      Round 1 question sheet for each team.
                  
                  
                    Collect blank pads of paper and pencils for teams to
                    collect answers during Round 2.
                  
                  
                    Create your own trivia Q's. Increase the challenge by
                    adding a third round of questions. You can develop your own
                    or choose from those provided by the World Year of Physics
                    at:
                    www.physics2005.org/events/projects.html#teachers
                  
              Do a test run on the day of the event 
                
                  
                    Prepare the space, set out food and trivia materials,
                    and test any A/V equipment.
                  
                  
                    Set up a welcome table with blank nametags and
                    markers available.
                  
                  
                    Set up a whiteboard or a flipchart on an easel to use
                    as a trivia scoreboard.
                  
                  
                    Have the scientist run through his or her presentation
                    before the guests arrive.
                   Run the Event
            
              Welcome 
                
                  
                    Welcome and sign in participants. Invite them to make
                    nametags and have a snack while waiting for others to
                    arrive.
                  
                  Introduce the evening to the entire group.
                  
                    Show the NOVA video clip to introduce the young
                    Einstein and other scientists whose work laid essential
                    groundwork for the equation. (optional)
                  
              Introduce the scientist 
                
                  
                    Scientist comments on video clip (optional), reiterates the
                    main concepts of E = mc2, gives an example of how it affects our daily lives, or
                    makes a connection between the equation and his or her work.
                  
              Explain the trivia rules 
                
                  
                    There will be two rounds, each introduced by the
                    scientist.
                  
                  
                    Participants should form teams
                    of 2-5 (depending on group size). Each team should
                    select a name. (For fun, offer a prize for the most creative
                    team name that's related to
                    E = mc2.) Each team should pick an answer recorder.
                  
                  
                    For
                      Round 1, teams use the pre-printed question sheet.
                    Remind teams to write their team name at the top of their
                    sheet and to turn in the sheet to one of the volunteers at
                    the end of Round 1.
                  
                  
                    For
                      Round 2, questions will be read aloud. (For multiple choice questions, you can write out the
                    answer choices for all to see.) Teams will have two minutes
                    to submit the answer to each question. The scientist will
                    give the answer for each question after all questions have
                    been turned in and before moving to the next question.
                  
                  
                    For all rounds, correct answers will be announced.
                  
                  
                    Team totals will be tallied and posted after each
                      round. Each answer is worth one point. Multi-answer questions
                    award one point per answer. The last question in Round 2 can
                    make or break a winner—it's worth up to ten points.
                    Teams wager points based on their confidence in their
                    answer. These points are added to a team total for a
                    correct answer and subtracted from a team total for
                    an incorrect answer.
                  
              
                Play the trivia game (see
                sample time line)
              
              Wrap up 
 
            Sample Time Line 
           
            
              | WHEN | WHO | WHAT |  
              | 4:00 | Moderator, Volunteers | 
                  Set up A/V (e.g., computer, screen, projector, microphone,
                  speakers), chairs, and Welcome Table with sign-up sheets,
                  nametags, markers, and any handouts.
                 |  |
 
              | 5:00 | Moderator, Scientist, Volunteers | 
                  Run through welcome, video clip (optional), and Scientist's
                  presentation. Set out snacks and all trivia materials.
                 |  |
 
              | 6:00 | Moderator, Volunteers | 
                  Help guests settle in. Play classical music.
                 |  |
 
              | 6:10 | Moderator | 
                  Welcome participants, explain purpose of the evening,
                  introduce E = mc2, and show video clip (optional).
                 |  |
 
              | 6:18 | Moderator | Introduce scientist. |  |
 
              | 6:20 | Scientist | 
                  Discuss how work relates to E = mc2 (or
                  other appropriate topic).
                 |  |
 
              | 6:30 | Moderator, Scientist | 
                  Moderate brief Q & A session for scientist (to be
                  continued after the trivia). Review trivia rules. Teams choose
                  names.
                 |  |
 
              | 6:40 | Scientist | 
                  Introduce Round 1. Teams read and answer questions directly on
                  trivia question sheet.
                 |  |
 
              | 6:55 | Volunteers | Collect Round 1 sheets. |  |
 
              | 7:00 | Scientist, Moderator, Volunteers | 
                  Give the answers for Round 1. Volunteers score Round 1 and
                  record team results on the scoreboard.
                 |  |
 
              | 7:10 | Scientist, Moderator | 
                  Introduce Round 2. Scientist reads each question aloud; teams
                  have two minutes to turn in single answers after each question
                  is read. Moderator presses a buzzer when answer period is
                  over. Scientist gives answer for question after all teams'
                  answers have been turned in and before reading next question.
                 |  |
 
              | 7:10 | Volunteers | 
                  Score answers as they come in. Halfway through Round 2, tally
                  and post team standings on the scoreboard.
                 |  |
 
              | 8:00 | Moderator, Scientist | 
                  Invite the group to ask the scientist more questions. Repeat
                  participants' questions so the entire audience can hear.
                  Encourage a dialogue.
                 |  |
 
              | 8:00 | Volunteers | Tally final team standings. |  |
 
              | 8:10 | Moderator, Scientist | Announce final scores and give prizes. |  |
 
              | 8:20 | Moderator, Scientist | 
                  Have the audience fill out an evaluation form. Point
                  participants to library displays, books, and handouts related
                  to E = mc2.
                 |  |
 
              | 8:30 | 
 | Event ends. |  |
 
 
              |   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
              | 
                  
                    | 
                        Big IdeasE = mc2 has a human story. Science is
                        a process of inquiry and synthesis. Science is
                        influenced by society. The legacy of
                        E = mc2 continues.
 |  |  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
              | 
                  
                    | 
                        Materials
                       A/V Equipment 
                        Microphone/speakersScreen/televisionProjectorComputerCables, extension cords
                          (optional) "Einstein's Big Idea" video clip
                          from
                          www.pbs.org/nova/einstein
                          (4 min. 38 sec.)
                         Welcome Table Trivia General 
                        AgendaScientist's propsSnacksEvaluation form |  |  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
              | 
                  
                    | 
                         Prize Ideas 
                       
                        For all participants:Bookmark, pencil, or pen with library name or science
                        theme.
 
                        For the winning team (at least 5 prizes to
                        accommodate a big team):Video store, movie theater, or restaurant coupons (local
                        establishments may donate coupons); free passes to a
                        local science museum; book from the resource lists in
                        this guide; Einstein-themed mugs, t-shirts, and posters
                        (widely available at science museum gift shops or such
                        Web sites as
                        www.physlink.com/estore
                        and
                        www.scienceteecher.com).
 |  |  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
              | 
                  
                    | Sample Press Release  
                        <LIBRARY NAME> INTRODUCES THE "SCIENCE
                          KAFFEEHAUS": A LIVE TRIVIA NIGHT TO CELEBRATE THE
                          CENTENNIAL OF E = mc2
                       
                        Hosted by <Scientist Name,
                        Affiliation>
                       
                        WHAT: A Trivia Night with a Science Flavor and
                        Wide Appeal, hosted by <scientist name>
                       
                        WHEN: <Start Time to End Time> on <Day,
                        Date, Year>.
                       
                        WHERE: The <Library Name>, <address>,
                        <town>, <phone>, <Web site>
                       
                        In the 19th century, people packed the
                        lecture halls of Europe to hear talks and debates by
                        prominent scientists—who were considered the rock
                        stars of their day. Now the <Library Name> is
                        introducing this tradition of lively public dialogue
                        about science with our Science Kaffeehaus. The
                        Kaffeehaus will serve up a mix of popular culture and
                        science-flavored trivia, with teams competing to answer
                        questions and win prizes. Trivia sessions will be
                        interspersed with question-and-answer sessions with
                        <scientist name> of <institution>.
                       
                        The Science Kaffeehaus is inspired by the new NOVA
                        special program, "Einstein's Big Idea" (www.pbs.org/nova/einstein). The two-hour film brings to life the dramatic
                        stories of men and women whose innovative thinking led
                        to Einstein's revolutionary equation, and explores the
                        tremendous impact of the equation on humanity.
                       
                        This exciting event is designed for all—physics
                        degrees are not required! To join us, sign up at the
                        library's main desk or email <email contact>.
                       |  |  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
            
              | 
                  
                    | 
                        
                        Round 1 Answers
                       
                        Germany (Ulm)
                          
                            You might think the metal would weigh less, but
                            Lavoisier's experiments showed it actually weighed
                            more. He also determined that the surrounding
                            air weighed less afterward than it had
                            before, by exactly the same amount—as if some
                            of the mass from the air had "stuck to" the metal.
                          Marie Antoinette
                          
                            (a) Marie and Pierre Curie(b) Ossie Davis and
                            Ruby Dee
                          
                            (c) 29 million years. If every particle became
                            energy, the lump would yield around 25 billion
                            kilowatt hours—enough to keep the bulb glowing
                            for about 29 million years.
                          
                          
                            (a) flea. Even zooming at roughly 18,000 mph, a
                            space shuttle is nowhere near a speed that would
                            significantly change its mass. When subatomic
                            particles travel near the speed of light, though, as
                            they do in the world's most powerful particle
                            accelerators, they can become 40,000 times heavier
                            than they are at rest.
                          Franklin D. RooseveltWalter Matthau
                          
                            300,000 km/sec; 186,000 miles/sec
                          Israel 
 
                        Round 2 Answers
                       |  |  |