Diosgenin
The basic molecular structure of a steroid includes four
rings—three six-membered and one five-membered—which are
built entirely of carbon atoms. The biological function of a steroid
depends on the groups attached to these rings. Diosgenin, for
instance, has two additional rings (highlighted here in red). To
modify diosgenin's molecular structure to the desired cortisone, our
virtual chemist needs to perform a series of chemical reactions.