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Secrets of Lost Empires II—Pharaoh's Obelisk
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Viewing Ideas
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Before Watching and After Watching
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The engineers and other experts featured in each program make
many inferences about ancient building techniques. They base
their inferences on a variety of sources, including oral
histories, paintings, texts, artifacts, and ruins. As students
watch, have them keep a list of each inference made and the
source of information behind it. After viewing, ask students
which sources appeared to be most useful, and which were vague
or misleading. Do students find each source as compelling or
convincing as researchers did?
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The experts use different types of models to plan their
construction strategies. Have students keep track of each model
as they watch. Discuss with students the advantages and
limitations of using models and list any models they have used.
How were models important in planning the projects in these
programs? Then ask students to describe instances where the real
projects encountered problems that didn't occur with the models.
What were the reasons for the differences? What can they
conclude about the limitations of models?
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Each program's story is driven by the question, "How did they do
that?" The engineers and archeologists have developed hypotheses
to answer that question. Then they design experiments to test
their hypotheses. Have students consider how an ancient
civilization might have solved a problem, such as how to move a
heavy object, and how our civilization might do it today. What
might be the similarities and differences in how the problem is
solved?
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The ancient building methods shown in the programs depend on the
use of simple machines, including levers, ramps, pulleys, and
wheels. Have students identify which simple machines are
involved in the projects. How does each machine give the
builders a mechanical advantage? What did the machines enable
people to do that they could not otherwise have done?
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