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• Although whites comprised two-thirds of U.S. students in
2001, the typical white student attends a school where four out
of five children are white. Most black and Latino students attend
schools where at least two-thirds of the students are black and
Latino, and most students are from their own group.
• Asians are the most integrated group, and most likely to
attend multi-racial schools with a significant presence of three
or more racial groups.
• Latinos, for whom segregation statistics have never improved,
confront very serious levels of segregation by race and poverty
— particularly in the west, where non-English-speaking Latinos tend
to be segregated in schools with each other.
• American public schools are now only 60 percent white nationwide,
and nearly one-fourth of U.S. students are in states with a majority
of nonwhite students. However, outside the south and southwest,
most white students have little contact with minority students.
• School desegregation has been greatest in parts of the South.
Desegregation efforts in the north have been weak, uncertain and
constrained by the U. S. Supreme Court. In comparison to the rest
of the nation, there were never significant desegregation efforts
in the northeast.
• Only 15 percent of highly-segregated white schools have student
bodies living in concentrated poverty. Some 88 percent of highly-segregated
minority schools have student populations living in concentrated
poverty.
• Minority students who attend more integrated schools have
higher levels of academic achievement as most measured by test scores.
• In the decade since the U.S. Supreme Court's 1991 ruling
authorizing a return to neighborhood schools — even if it
would result in re-segregation — there has been a major increase
in segregation in many districts. However, segregation does not
approach the level of the pre-civil rights south.
• The ending of court desegregation orders coincided in many
areas with sharp drops in the proportion of white students —
immigration, age structure and fertility levels factored into the
changes in racial composition.
• There has been substantial slippage toward segregation in
most states that had highly desegregated schools in 1991. Based
on 2001 data, the most integrated state for Americans is Kentucky.
The most desegregated states for Latinos are in the Northwest. In
some states with very low black populations, school segregation
is soaring
• In 1991, schools in the western United States were 59 percent
white; today the entire region is less than half white. Asian enrollment
is now larger than black enrollment and Latinos are more than one
third of total enrollment.
• The most segregated states in 2001 for black students were
New York, Michigan, Illinois and California.
• Mass migration of black and Latino families to suburbs have
produced newly segregated and unequal schools.
• Rural and small town school districts are, on average, the
nation's most integrated for both African Americans and Latinos.
Source of Information: The Civil Rights Project, Harvard University
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