Documents

• The Dawes Act (1887) -- Congress decrees an end to tribal homelands.
• Selections from "With the Nez Perces" by E. Jane Gay (1889-1892) -- ethnologist Alice Fletcher brings the Dawes Act to the people who welcomed Lewis and Clark.
• Mrs. Z. A. Parker, the Ghost Dance at Pine Ridge Reservation (1890) -- an eyewitness account.
• Wovoka, The Messiah Letter (1891) -- the message that sparked the Ghost Dance movement.
• James McLaughlin, An Account of Sitting Bull's Death (1891) -- by the Indian Agent who ordered the arrest.
• Pvt. W. H. Prather, "The Indian Ghost Dance and War" (1890) -- a barracks ballad by a member of the Ninth Cavalry.
• Lakota accounts of the massacre at Wounded Knee (1891) -- the survivors speak.
• General Nelson A. Miles, report on the "Sioux Outbreak of 1890" and selected field dispatches (1891) -- a commander's view of the last Indian uprising.
• Theodore Roosevelt, The Conservation of Natural Resources (1907) -- a new policy for the West based on principles of enlightened land and water management.
• Declaration of the Conservation Conference of Governors (1908) -- the West becomes a national resource protected by regulation rather than military power.

Images

	8.1 Starting line for the first Oklahoma Land Rush in 1889		8.2 Chief Joseph visits Alice Fletcher at the Lapwai reservation
	8.3 Chief Joseph photographed by Edward Curtis		8.4 Copper smelter pouring smoke into the air of Butte, Montana
	8.5 Wovoka (seated), the Paiute holy man who inspired the Ghost Dance movement		8.6 Kicking Bear, a Miniconjou Lakota who brought news of the Ghost Dance to the Standing Rock reservation
	8.7 A Lakota Ghost Dance shirt, believed to protect its wearer from bullets		8.8 Big Foot's band, the Lakota who met disaster at Wounded Knee
	8.9 The frozen body of Chief Big Foot, photographed several days after the massacre at Wounded Knee, when troops returned to bury the dead		8.10 The frozen body of a victim of the massacre at Wounded Knee
	8.11 Troops stack the frozen bodies of the Lakota killed at Wounded Knee into a mass grave		8.12 Soldiers pose with the Hotchkiss Guns used against Big Foot's band at Wounded Knee
	8.13 Two men prepare to make an early sound recording of Native Americans		8.14 A turn-of-the-century tourist takes in the sights at Yosemite Park