n the spring of 1906
Griffin resigned from Wright's studio, and began a independent
practice. What led to the break were a series of events. A year
earlier, Frank Lloyd Wright and his wife Katherine went to Japan
for five months. The often financially strapped Wright borrowed
money from Griffin to take the trip and left the young man in
charge of the office during his absence. Griffin took liberties
with Wright's work while he was away. He completed several commissions
and even substituted his own designs. Upon his return, Wright felt
that Griffin had overstepped his authority and strongly reminded
him of his subordinate role. Wright also attempted to repay his
loan from Griffin with a series of Japanese prints instead of
hard cash.
ngered by the Japanese
prints foisted upon him, and finally aware that he would never
be Wright's full partner, Griffin returned to Steinway Hall as
an independent architect.
riffin started his
independent practice with only one commission. It was to create
the landscape design for the State Normal School, now called
Northern Illinois University. But with his personality and ability
to work with clients and developers, Griffin's practice grew.
While some of his clients were as far away as California, Florida,
Louisiana and New York, most remained in the Midwest.
n the fall of 1906, Griffin
received his first residential commission after leaving Wright.
It was to build a home on Chicago's northwest side for Harry
Peters. For the Peters' House, Griffin used a plan that he had
created in Wright's studio. The floor plan was based on Wright's
concept of allowing rooms to flow into each other around a central
fireplace. Griffin took this idea and reduced it so that it could
be cheaply reproduced. This simple square design allowed the
living and dining rooms to form an L-shape around a central fireplace.
It was a complete break from the boxy rooms so prevalent in Victorian
floor plans. The front parlor and back parlor were gone, and
in their place was a democratic house. It was the first L-shaped
or open floor plan.
y 1907 Griffin had
become increasingly connected to real estate developers and contractors
for whom he built speculative homes in the Chicago area. By using
the simple open floor plan, Griffin could design a tract of unique
houses that could easily be constructed. In 1909 Griffin provided
plans for Russell Blount who was developing farmland on Chicago's
southwest side. Blount constructed over thirteen Griffin houses
in what is now called Chicago's Beverly Hills neighborhood of Ridge Historic
District. Griffin's L-shaped floor plan allowed each of the designs
to be constructed for around $1800. 104th Place has been renamed
Walter Burley Griffin Place due to the number of his designs
in the area.
hen Griffin had
the luxury of spending more money on a building he continued
to experiment with ideas from earlier designs. The Emery House
in Elmhurst was the inspiration for a home designed for his brother
Ralph in Edwardsville, Illinois. He applied the same techniques of breaking up the
space vertically with split-levels. The Ralph Griffin House with
it's striking geometric forms was quite a contrast to the grand
Victorian homes on St. Louis Street in Edwardsville, Illinois.
The house soon became the talk of the town.
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