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The Heroes of Telemark
www.hydro.com/en/about/history/1929_1945/1943_2.html
Norsk Hydro's official company Web site provides an extensive
history of the plant and includes a lengthy section on the 1943
sabotage attempt.
The German Uranium Project
www.aip.org/pt/vol-53/iss-7/p34.html
On this American Institute of Physics Web site, read about
German physicist Werner Heisenberg and his work with nuclear chain
reactions during World War II.
Operation Freshman
www.webtek.no/freshman/side1e.html
Although the famous 1943 raid on the Norsk Hydro heavy water
plant is well known today, an earlier, lesser-known attempt ended in
tragedy. On this Web site, learn about the operation that took place
in 1942.
New Light on Hitler's Bomb
physicsweb.org/articles/world/18/6/3
Learn about the historical controversy surrounding Hitler's
race for the atomic bomb in this PhysicsWorld article.
Heavy Water Production
www.fas.org/nuke/intro/nuke/heavy.htm
The Federation of American Scientists' Special Weapons Primer
offers an explanation of heavy water production and its use in
nuclear chain reactions.
Heavy Water and the Wartime Race for Nuclear Energy
by Per Dahl. Institute of Physics Publishing, 1999.
Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb
by Mark Walker (Perseus Publishing, 1995).
The Real Heroes of Telemark
by Ray Mears. Hodder & Stoughton, 2003.
Blood and Water: Sabotaging Hitler's Bomb
by Dan Kurzman. Henry Holt, 1997.
Heisenberg's War: The Secret History of the German Bomb
by Thomas Powers. Da Capo Press, 2000.
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