Alan Alda travels to a French cave called Roc de Marsal, where archaeologists are becoming experts on Neanderthal life.

For John Shea, the way we posed our questions about the human spark got him pondering the evolution of our human uniqueness in a new way.

Talk about "oldies" music! Scientists recently uncovered the oldest musical instruments, in the form of carved bone and ivory flutes.

Gustavus Adolphus College hosted a conference last October focused squarely on the idea of “The Human Spark.” We've met with many of the speakers.

In Arizona, Alan and archeologist Curtis Marean had a fireside chat about how modern humans replaced the Neanderthals. Check out this video to see how the scene was made.

There were thousands of years that Neanderthals and Homo sapiens inhabited the same regions in Europe. How much did these groups intermingle?

Graham Chedd tells the story of what happened at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, where researchers were examining Neanderthal teeth with a high-power x-ray.

How long did it take Neanderthals to grow up? Graham Chedd meets with researchers who are using a giant particle accelerator to find an answer to this question.