antithesis The pairing of opposites within a speech, usually to suggest a choice between the two of them. Example: "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country."
communication apprehension The fear of public speaking. Communication apprehension is one of the most common fears in the world.
delivery The presentation of a speech. Delivery involves use of the voice and the body to create a desired effect.
enunciation The practice of pronouncing words distinctly and precisely.
gestures The movements of hands and arms during a speech to emphasize ideas.
onomatopoeia The use of words that make sounds like their meanings.
Examples: "The buzz of the crowd. The crack of the whip. The roar of the lions. These are the sounds of the circus."
parallel wording
The use of a word pattern that's easy for the audience to anticipate.
Example: "We cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow
this ground."
pitch The placement of voice on the musical scale ranging from high to low. Like volume, pitch can be raised and lowered for emphasis.
pronunciation The act of saying a word in a way that is generally accepted and understood.
rate The speed at which a person speaks. The average rate of speech is about 125-150 words per minute.
rhythm The sense of movement or pacing within a speech. A good way to create a sense of rhythm is through repetition.
style A pattern of language and delivery that distinguishes one speech from another.
vocal variation Changing the volume, pitch, rate, and pausing of your voice.
volume The loudness of your voice. Changing the volume at certain points in a speech can help emphasize important ideas.
Idea Organization
cause/effect This format identifies the causes and then determines the effects of a particular situation, or vice-versa.
chronological The organization of ideas based on the passage of time.
topical The organization of ideas based on topics.