• Executive Producer

  • Sharon Grimberg

• Written by

  • Marcia Smith

• Produced and Directed by

  • Stanley Nelson

• Co-produced by

  • Julianna Brannum

• Narrated by

  • Benjamin Bratt

• Edited by

  • Aljernon Tunsil and Lillian Benson

• Co-Editor

  • Lawrence Lerew

• Music by

  • John Kusiak

• Coordinating Producer

  • Cathleen O'Connell

• Cinematography

  • Stephen McCarthy
  • Allen Moore
  • Eddie Marritz
  • Michael Chin

• Sound Recordists

  • George Shafnacker
  • Matty Nematollahi
  • Michael Boyle
  • David Stevens

• Associate Producer

  • Michael Rossi

• Production Assistants

  • Lynsey Jones
  • Jennifer A. Lopez
  • Darwyn Roanhorse
  • Blackhorse Lowe
  • Doug Bissonette
  • Taylor Calmus

• Archival Researchers

  • Julianna Brannum
  • Jenny Oh

• Administrator for Firelight Media

  • Susan Starr

• Interns

  • Heather Duthie
  • Valarie Jernigan
  • Alexandra Lacey
  • Jacqueline Olive

• Photo Animation

  • Acme Filmworks

• Animation Director

  • Janet Perlman

• Maps

  • Alisa Placas, Lucid Animation

• Telecine

  • Ira Schweitzer, Postworks

• Online Editor

  • Jesse Spencer, Video Arts

• Colorist

  • Scot Olive, Postworks

• Sound Design and Mix

  • Christopher D. Anderson, Mix One Studios
  • James LeBrecht, Berkeley Sound Artists

• Voice Over Recording

  • Pop Studios

• Additional Music

  • P. Andrew Willis

• Native Music Consultant

  • Victoria Lindsey Levine

• Musicians

  • William M. Novick
  • Richard S. Sebring

• Archival Footage

  • ABC News Videosource
  • BBC Motion Gallery
  • Beeld en Geluid, VPRO
  • The CONUS Archive
  • Footage Farm USA
  • Ina – Institut national de l’audiovisuel
  • John E. Allen, Inc.
  • KELO-TV
  • Kevin McKiernan
  • KSTP-TV
  • Minnesota Historical Society
  • NBC News Archives
  • Synchronous KSTP-TV
  • TSR – télévision suisse
  • UCLA Film & Television Archive
  • University of South Carolina Newsfilm Archive
  • Diane Orr Collection, Special Collections, J. Willard Marriott Library, Univ. of Utah
  • Archival Photographs
  • AP Images
  • Bill Zimmerman
  • Corbis
  • Cumberland County Historical Society, Carlisle, PA
  • Dennis Banks
  • Dick Bancroft
  • Kevin McKiernan
  • Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division
  • National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
  • National Archives, Rocky Mountain Region
  • National Archives, Southwest Region
  • National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution
  • Nebraska State Historical Society
  • The Newberry Library, Chicago
  • Northwestern University Library, Edward S. Curtis’s “The North American Indian”
  • Oglala Lakota College
  • The U.S. Army Military History Institute
  • Western History Collections, University of Oklahoma Library
  • Western History/Genealogy Department, Denver Public Library

• Special Thanks

  • Charles Abourezk
  • Black Hills Aerial Adventures
  • Tammy Chan
  • Raquel Chapa
  • Dustinn Craig
  • Pernille D’Avolio
  • Carol and Clarence Foos
  • Cy Griffin
  • Ilka Hartmann
  • Dave Kemp
  • Shari Lampke
  • Shawn Lawlor
  • Tawnya Mosier
  • Albert Neiman
  • Peter Pelyaic
  • Bonnie Rowan
  • Michelle Vignes
  • Patrick Weakland
  • Jennifer Weston
  • Catherine and Harlington Wood

• Very Special Thanks

  • Paul Berg
  • Lehman Brightman
  • Tony Bush
  • Ed Castillo
  • Beth Castle
  • Donald Fixico
  • Ellen Moves Camp
  • Bradley Patterson

• Academic Advisors

  • Paul Chaat Smith
  • Robert Warrior

• Series Advisors

  • Colin G. Calloway
  • R. David Edmunds
  • Donald Fixico
  • Louis P. Masur
  • Jean O’Brien

• Creative Consultant

  • N. Bird Runningwater

• FOR NAPT

• • Executive in Charge
  • Shirley K. Sneve

• FOR AMERICAN EXPERIENCE

• POST PRODUCTION

  • Vanessa Ezersky
  • Glenn Fukushima
  • Greg Shea

• SERIES DESIGNER

  • Alison Kennedy

• ON-LINE EDITOR

  • Spencer Gentry

• SOUND MIX

  • John Jenkins

• PRODUCTION MANAGER

  • Nancy Sherman

• LEGAL

  • Jay Fialkov
  • Janice Flood
  • Maureen Jordan
  • Scott Kardel

• PROJECT ADMINISTRATION

  • Andrew Bergner
  • Kelsey Dorwart
  • Susana Fernandes
  • Pamela Gaudiano

• MARKETING AND COMMUNICATIONS

  • Laura Bowman
  • Jen Holmes
  • Patrick Ramirez

• PROJECT MANAGER

  • Lauren Prestileo

• MULTIMEDIA PRODUCERS

  • Angélica Allende Brisk
  • Tvli Jacob
  • Benjamen Walker
  • Callie T. Wiser

• DIRECTOR OF NEW MEDIA

  • Maria Daniels

• SENIOR EDITOR

  • Paul Taylor

• SERIES PRODUCER

  • Susan Bellows

• SERIES MANAGER

  • James E. Dunford

• COORDINATING PRODUCER

  • Susan Mottau

• EXECUTIVE PRODUCER

  • Mark Samels

A Firelight Media film for American Experience in association with

Native American Public Telecommunications.

©2008 WGBH Educational Foundation

All rights reserved.