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1581: Galileo enters University of Pisa World's first ballet performed at court of Queen Catherine de'Medici in France 1583: Galileo discovers uniformity of pendulum vibrations 1587: Francesco I dies; his brother Ferdinando de'Medici crowned Grand Duke of Tuscany 1588: The King of Spain sends an Armada to attack England 1589: Catherine de'Medici dies; six months later, her last son, Henri III of France, is assassinated Henri de Navarre, a Protestant married to Catherine's daughter Margot, is crowned King of France Galileo made Professor of Mathematics at the University of Pisa 1590: Cosimo de'Medici born 1591: Shakespeare's first plays performed in London 1592: Galileo begins to work on theories of motion 1600: World's first opera, Euridice, performed at Pitti Palace Giordano Bruno burned at the stake in Rome 1604: Galileo conducts experiments with balls and inclined slopes 1605: Galileo dedicates his work on a military compass to the Medici 1609: Ferdinando I dies; Cosimo II crowned Grand Duke of Tuscany The telescope is invented in the Netherlands; Galileo improves the design and observes the moon. 1610: Ferdinando de'Medici born Galileo discovers the moons of Jupiter, and calls them the Medici stars. He begins to study the heliocentric universe. 1611: Galileo appointed Royal Professor of Mathematics and Philosophy to the Medici Grand Dukes 1618: The Thirty Years War breaks out across central Europe 1620: The Pilgrim fathers land at Plymouth Rock in what is to become the USA 1621: Cosimo II dies; Ferdinando II crowned Grand Duke of Tuscany 1630: Plague in Florence 1632: Galileo publishes Dialogue of the Two World Systems 1633: Galileo summoned to Rome and forced to recant. 1634: Galileo returns to Tuscany, under house arrest 1642: The English Civil War begins Galileo dies Isaac Newton born in England 1648: The Thirty Years War ends 1649: King Charles I executed in England 1657: Ferdinando II founds Accademia del Cimento, to honour Galileo's legacy. 1666: Great Fire of London Isaac Newton begins work on his Laws of Motion 1667: Accademia del Cimento forced to close 1670: Ferdinando II dies; succeeded by Cosimo III 1685: JS Bach born in Germany 1687: Isaac Newton publishes Principia Mathematica Go to: Giovanni | Cosimo | Lorenzo | Medici Popes | Cosimo I | The Last of the Medici |
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The Last of the Medici: 1723 - 1743 | |
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Giovanni's Era: 1360-1400
Cosimo's Era: 1401 - 1450
Lorenzo's Era: 1452 - 1498
Medici Popes' Era: 1501 - 1534
Cosimo I's Era: 1537 - 1574
Ferdinando II's Era: 1581 - 1687
The Last of the Medici: 1723 - 1743