Addiction is not limited to certain social classes, nor to a person who fits a certain "profile."  Neither does it refer exclusively to abuse of or dependence on illegal drugs or alcohol.  It does refer to a condition in which people cannot control their craving for a substance. But while alcohol and illegal drugs grab all the headlines, one can be addicted to a wide range of substances or even activities. In this Second Opinion episode, the patient is a health-care professional addicted to a medication that helps her cope with headaches.

In the past, addiction and its symptoms, including the uncontrollable craving for the substance, willingness to go to extremes to get it, taking risks, acting undependably, and ignoring all responsibilities while under its influence, were seen as moral weaknesses or spiritual failings.  That, and the idea that addicts are criminals who should be punished, are some of the many myths that shaped public policy about addiction and, unfortunately, still have a profoundly negative influence on it.  Despite what some lawmakers believe, or think the public believes, most medical experts know that our national drug policies will be ineffective. The way it is being fought now, the "war on drugs" will never be won. 

Addiction is a brain disease.  Its causes are complex but its results are clear. The addicting substance changes the way the brain works.  These changes lead to the behaviors we recognize as the symptoms of addiction.  Like most other diseases, addiction can be treated.  While treatment can be long and difficult and there are often relapses, it can be successful. 

Learn more about Addiction:

Key Point 1: Addiction affects millions of Americans. It's not simply a failure of will or character; it is a disease of the brain.