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Flash Fact

Jesse Jackson won nearly one-third of the vote in the 1988 Democratic presidential primary.


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Vote for your choice for the Politics & Reform Innovator & Icon here!
The fight to defend African Americans' civil rights and political voice is not limited to Martin Luther King, Jr. Over the years, such varied figures as Marcus Garvey, Jesse Jackson, Daisy Bates, Mary McLeod Bethune and Julian Bond have all moved the campaign forward. What political activist or reformer has made the biggest difference for you?
Who is the most important politics & reform  innovator?
Enter the name of your choice here:

Politics & Reform Top 10
1 Malcolm X 34% 338
2 Martin Luther King Jr. 26% 264
3 Tupac Shakur 12% 119
4 Ida B. Wells Barnett 3% 31
5 W.E.B. DuBois 3% 26
6 Frederick Douglas 2% 24
7 Marcus Garvey 2% 23
8 Booker T. Washington 2% 21
9 Michael Jackson 2% 21
10 Jesse Jackson 2% 16

Malcolm X called for "justice by any means necessary."
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