(Born 1924)
The U.S. actress Ruby Dee was the first black woman to appear in major roles at the American Shakespeare Festival, in Stratford, Conn. She was born Ruby Ann Wallace on Oct. 27, 1924, in Cleveland, Ohio, and grew up in Harlem. While attending New York City's Hunter College, from which she graduated in 1945, Dee served an apprenticeship at the American Negro Theater. She debuted on Broadway in South Pacific (a drama, not the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical) in 1943. In 1946 she appeared in Jeb, playing opposite her future husband, actor Ossie Davis. After various film roles, including a part in The Jackie Robinson Story (1950), Dee returned to the stage in 1959 to star in A Raisin in the Sun. In 1961 she again appeared on Broadway with her husband in Davis' play Purlie Victorious; she later repeated that role in the film version, Gone Are the Days (1963). Dee won an Obie award for her work in Boesman and Lena in 1971 and a Drama Desk award for Wedding Band in 1973. She wrote two volumes of poetry and with her husband was active in the American civil rights movement for many years.
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