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Report of a Massacre

Nathan Hannover's account of the Chmielnicki revolt in Poland and Ukraine (1648) was based on his own experiences and on eyewitness accounts. As evidenced by this excerpt, his chronicle included descriptions of the many atrocities that were perpetrated during the uprising. Many Jewish communities adopted the custom of reading from this account during the three-week mourning period preceding the Ninth of Av, the holiday commemorating the destruction of the Temple.

 

 

 

 

 

[Those] who could not flee . . . were slain and were martyred with unnaturally cruel and bitter deaths. Some of them had their skins flayed off them and their flesh was flung to the dogs. The hands and feet of others were cut off and they were flung unto the roadway where carts ran over them and they were trodden underfoot by horses. And some of them had many nonfatal wounds inflicted on them, and were flung out into the open so that they should not die swiftly but should suffer and bleed until they died, and many were buried alive. Children were slaughtered in their mothers' bosoms, and many children were torn apart like fish. They ripped up the bellies of pregnant women, took out the unborn children, and flung them in their faces. They tore open the bellies of some of them and placed a living cat within the belly and left them alive thus, first cutting off their hands so that they should not be able to take the living cat out of the belly . . . and there was never an unnatural death in the world that they did not inflict upon them.

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