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A Call for Jewish Statehood


Theodor Herzl (1860-1904), an assimilated Viennese Jew, is known as the father of modern Zionism. He believed that Jews would never be fully integrated into European society, and he advocated the establishment of a Jewish national homeland. The new Zionist movement that Herzl inspired synthesized the age-old Jewish yearning for the Land of Israel with the tactics and rhetoric of modern nationalism.

In this 1896 article for the London weekly, The Jewish Chronicle, Herzl articulated many of the essential points of his belief.

 


I . . . address my first words to those Jews who are strong and free of spirit. They shall form my earliest audience, and they will one day, I hope, become my friends. I am introducing no new idea; on the contrary, it is a very old one. It is a universal idea -- and therein lies its power -- old as the people, which never, even in the time of bitterest calamity, ceased to cherish it. This is the restoration of the Jewish State. . . .

. . . Gentler spirits will call my ideas utopian. But what is the difference between a utopian scheme and a possible one? . . . a possible scheme rests . . . on a known and existent propelling force.

The force we need is created in us by anti-Semitism. Some people will say that what I am doing is to kindle anti-Semitism afresh. This is not true, for anti-Semitism would continue to increase irrespective of my project, so long as the causes of its growth are not removed . . .

People will say that I am furnishing our enemies with weapons. This is also untrue, for my proposal can only be carried out with the free consent of a majority of Jews. Individuals, or even powerful bodies of Jews might be attacked, but governments will take no action against the collective nation . . .

Again it will be said that our enterprise is hopeless
because . . . only the poorest Jews will go there [to Palestine]. But it is precisely the poorest whom we need to go first. Only desperados make good conquerors. The rich and well-to-do will follow later. . . .

The idea must make its way into the most distant miserable holes where our people dwell. They will awaken from gloomy brooding, for into their lives will come a new significance. Let each of them but think of himself, and what vast proportions the movement must assume! And what glory awaits those who fight unselfishly for the cause! A wondrous generation of Jews will spring into existence. The Maccabeans will rise again.

 

 

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