In 1991, scientists successfully forecasted the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. Although officials evacuated hundreds of thousands of local residents, more than 800 people died and one million were displaced. The volcano’s plume was nearly 12 miles wide and 20 miles high. Here, the volcano’s brimming crater lake is seen after the 1991 eruption. Ten years later workers began draining the lake to avert flooding. Photo: Bullit Marquez/Associated Press