Scattering of Light Revolutionizes the Film Industry

To make Gollum more realistic, visual effects artist Joe Letteri and researcher Henrik Jensen pioneered a new technique in 2001 that simulated light diffusion in skin. The result was the depraved, human-like character Gollum in the "Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers". The technique would later bring alive characters like the Na’vis in Avatar, King Kong in 2005 remake and Benjamin Button.