What led up to the U.S.-Israel war with Iran? 'Remaking the Middle East: The U.S., Israel & Iran' traces the conflict's roots and ramifications.

March 11, 2026
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The U.S. and Israeli bombardment of Iran that began on Feb. 28 and killed Iran’s supreme leader has sparked ongoing conflict across the Middle East.
What are the war’s implications for the region, and what led up to this dramatic escalation?
FRONTLINE explores those questions in Remaking the Middle East: The U.S., Israel & Iran, a two-hour documentary now available to stream online that traces the road to war with Iran, the U.S. and Israeli roles, and the stakes.

From award-winning filmmakers James Jacoby and Anya Bourg, the documentary is an updated version of FRONTLINE’s July 2025 examination of Iran and Israel’s dueling ambitions for the Middle East, and how multiple U.S. presidents have tried to manage the volatile issues at play.
With new reporting and timely interviews with experts on the region, the updated film traces decades of hostility between Israel and Iran, the involvement of the U.S., the role of Iran’s proxies, and the evolution of the balance of power in the Middle East in recent years amid escalating violence.
The documentary also examines Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s long campaign to defeat Iran’s nuclear capabilities, the June 2025 U.S.-Israeli attacks that President Donald Trump said had “obliterated” Iran’s key nuclear facilities, the Trump administration’s rationale for going to war again now, and the continuing impact.

“There is a new Middle East being made because the series of wars since October 7 has actually broken the old Middle East,” Vali Nasr, author of Iran’s Grand Strategy, says in the documentary. “But the result of these wars has not been satisfactory. There is not a peace treaty or an end game for Gaza. There’s not an end to Lebanon that all Lebanese see as good closure. There is no end to Syria yet, and there is no end to Iran yet.”
Says David Sanger of The New York Times, “We’ve unleashed all kinds of forces that we cannot control.”
Watch the Documentary
Remaking the Middle East: The U.S., Israel & Iran
FRONTLINE traces the road to war with Iran, the U.S. and Israeli roles, and the stakes for the region
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