FILMED AND DIRECTED BY
James Bluemel
EDITORS
Jo Elliott
Simon Sykes
Chloe Lambourne
Johnny Burke
SERIES PRODUCER
Jo Abel
FILMED AND DIRECTED BY
Abi Mowbray
Paul Glynn
Jack MacInnes
Sasha Achilli
SENIOR PRODUCER
Dan Edge
HEAD OF PRODUCTION
Maddy Allen
LINE PRODUCER
Jade Miller-Robinson
PRODUCTION COORDINATOR
Louise Vitols
PRODUCTION EXECUTIVE
Trevor Lopez De Vergara
PRODUCERS
Itab Azzam
Matthew McDonnell
ASSISTANT PRODUCERS
Gus Palmer
Daisy Squires
COMPOSER
Simon Russell
NARRATOR
Will Lyman
RESEARCHERS
Hassan Akkad
Elham Ehsas
Arthur Sharples
ARCHIVE RESEARCHERS
Alex Hudson
Hatty Bell
Mariam Koloyan
ASSISTANT EDITOR
Ross Leppard
POST PRODUCTION SUPERVISOR
Charlotte Stone
PRODUCTION ACCOUNTANT
Phil Hastings
ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Gavin Searle
TRANSLATIONS COORDINATOR
Youssef Kassem
FIXERS
Antonis Repanas
E. Menéndez Salamanca
Helen Skopis
Jelena Obucina
Miriam Klaussner
Mojdeh Solgi
Vladimir Banic
Zakia Aqra
SOUND MIX
Rada Danilovic
ONLINE EDITOR
Luke Carter
COLORIST
Vicki Matich
ADDITIONAL ONLINE EDITOR/COLORIST
Jim Ferguson
ADDITIONAL SOUND MIX
Jim Sullivan
GRAPHICS
Compost Creative
ARCHIVAL MATERIALS
Associated Press
BBC Motion Gallery/Getty Images
Guardia Costiera
Reuters
Channel 4
Sky News
Euronews
Wall Street
News Beat World
Aljazeera
Spanish Interior Ministry
Faro TV
Global Journalist
THANKS
IOM
MOAS
UNHCR
FOR KEO FILMS
EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS
Will Anderson
Andrew Palmer
Original funding for this program was provided by Public Television stations, Corporation for Public Broadcasting, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Ford Foundation, Park Foundation, John and Helen Glessner Family Trust, FRONTLINE Journalism Fund with major support from Jon and Jo Ann Hagler.
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Megan McGough Christian
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PRODUCER
Missy Frederick
ON-AIR PROMOTION EDITOR
Barry Clegg
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Deb Holland
POST PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS
Miles Alvord
Kenzie Audette
Brenna Verre
FOR WGBH OUTPOST
DIRECTOR OF POST PRODUCTION
Chris Fournelle
SENIOR DIRECTOR PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Tim Mangini
SERIES MUSIC
Mason Daring
Martin Brody
SENIOR DIRECTOR OF AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT
Pamela Johnston
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT
Patrice Taddonio
AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT EDITOR
Katherine Griwert
DATA ANALYST
Ben Abrams
AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT SPECIALIST
Anne Husted
EDITORIAL ASSISTANT
Julia Rod
SERIES PRODUCER, AUDIO
Sophie McKibben
SERIES ASSOCIATE PRODUCER
Amy Gaines
ARCHIVES AND RIGHTS MANAGER
John Campopiano
EDITORIAL RESEARCH MANAGER
Lisa Palone
LEGAL
Eric Brass
Jay Fialkov
Janice Flood
SENIOR CONTRACTS MANAGER
Gianna DeGiulio
BUSINESS MANAGER
Sue Tufts
DIRECTOR OF BUSINESS
Tobee Phipps
BUSINESS DIRECTOR
Mary Sullivan
DEVELOPER
Ly Chheng
SENIOR DIGITAL DESIGNER
Dan Nolan
INTERACTIVE EDITOR
Chris Amico
FRONTLINE/COLUMBIA
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ABRAMS JOURNALISM FELLOWS
Nicole Einbinder
Anjali Tsui
TOW JOURNALISM FELLOW
Leila Miller
DIGITAL REPORTERS
Priyanka Boghani
Katie Worth
DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCER
Jason Kashdan
SENIOR DIGITAL VIDEO PRODUCER
Michelle Mizner
SENIOR REPORTER
Sarah Childress
DIGITAL EDITOR
Jason Breslow
SERIES STORY EDITOR
Lauren Ezell Kinlaw
POST COORDINATING PRODUCER
Robin Parmelee
DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL VIDEO
Carla Borras
SPECIAL COUNSEL
Dale Cohen
SENIOR EDITOR AT LARGE
Louis Wiley Jr.
MANAGING EDITOR
Andrew Metz
SENIOR PRODUCER
Dan Edge
MANAGING DIRECTOR
Jim Bracciale
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER AT LARGE
David Fanning
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER
Raney Aronson-Rath
A Keo Films Ltd. production for WGBH/FRONTLINE and BBC
© 2018
Keo Films Ltd and WGBH Educational Foundation
All Rights Reserved
FRONTLINE is a production of WGBH/Boston, which is solely responsible for its content.