DIRECTED BY
Michael Kirk
WRITTEN BY
Michael Kirk & Mike Wiser
PRODUCED BY
Michael Kirk
Mike Wiser
Vanessa Fica
REPORTED BY
Vanessa Fica
EDITOR
Elliott Choi
PRODUCTION EXECUTIVE
Colette Neirouz Hanna
DIRECTOR OF PHOTOGRAPHY
Ben McCoy
NARRATOR
Will Lyman
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR
Olivia DelVecchio
ASSOCIATE PRODUCER / REPORTER
Brooke Nelson Alexander
ASSISTANT EDITOR
O. Deborah Afolayan
PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS
Christina Lamagna
Denise Emerson
ORIGINAL MUSIC
John E. Low
POST PRODUCTION SUPERVISOR
Elliott Choi
SOUND
Drew Levinson
ASSISTANT CAMERA
Christopher Horne
Ben Pierson
David Randag
Bec Asmar
Kaylee Price
ADDITIONAL SOUND
Jason Pawlak
Tom Levy
Carl Franson
ONLINE EDITOR/COLORIST
Jim Ferguson
SOUND MIX
Jim Sullivan
VOICEOVER
Jeremiah Kissel
LEGAL
Ken Fishkin
ARCHIVAL MATERIAL
ABC News VideoSource
Andrea Mohin/The New York Times/Redux
Associated Press
Axiom Images
Billy Davis - USA TODAY NETWORK
Brendan Gutenschwager
CBS News/Veritone
CNN
Courtesy of Gray Media Group, Inc., [WXIX, Fox19Now]
Courtesy of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Courtesy of WCPO 9 Cincinnati
Critical Past
District 7 Media
Dan Dry - USA TODAY NETWORK
Douglas Graham/Roll Call Photos/Newscom
Elizabeth Frantz/Reuters/Redux
Erin Schaff/The New York Times/Redux
Evelyn Hockstein/Reuters/Redux
FOX Archives/FOX News Channel
Getty Images
Getty Images/NBC News Archives
Haiyun Jiang/The New York Times/Redux
Historic Films Archive, LLC
J Scott Applewhite/AP/Shutterstock
Jason Andrew/The New York Times/Redux
Jay Mather
Jefferson County Public Schools’ Archives, Jim Cundy
Jemal Countess/Redux
John Sommers II/Reuters/Redux
Jonathan Ernst/Reuters/Redux
Jonathan Ernst/The New York Times/Redux
Julia Nikhinson/Reuters/Redux
Keith Williams - USA TODAY NETWORK
Kenny Holston/The New York Times/Redux
Kenton County Library
Kevin Lamarque/Reuters/Redux
Kinolibrary
Library of Congress
Louisville Magazine
M. Scott Mahaskey/Politico
Mark Peterson/Redux
Mary Calvert/Reuters/Redux
Melissa Farlow - USA TODAY NETWORK
Newsflare
Nimia
Oliver Contreras/Sipa USA/Newscom
Periscope Film
Pond5
Reuters
Robert Steinau - USA TODAY NETWORK
Roger L. Wollenberg/UPI/Newscom
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library
Sarah Silbiger/The New York Times/Redux
Screenocean/Reuters
Shen Ting Xinhua/eyevine/Redux
Shutterstock
T.J. Kirkpatrick/The New York Times/Redux
The Courier-Journal
The Louisville Cardinal Newspaper, September 27, 1963,
page 3. University of Louisville Archives & Special Collections
The Thoroughbred Yearbook, 1964, pages 31, 64, 93,
and 214, University of Louisville Archives & Special Collections
Tom Brenner/The New York Times/Redux
Unity Archive Project
US Senator Mitch McConnell Archives
Vicki Buckner - USA TODAY NETWORK
WAVE 3
White House Communications Agency
WKRC-TV
WLKY-TV Louisville
WLWT-TV Cincinnati
WPA Film Library
Young G. Kim and Rise Images
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL
ABC
Ailes Communications
Biden Inaugural Committee
BLM Uncut/Out of Bounds Media
C-SPAN
Caroline Brehman
CBS
CNBC
CNN
DC Media Group
Elaine Chao
Elijah Schaffer/Blaze Media
FOX
HBO
Julio Rosas/Townhall Media
Mitch McConnell and Penguin Audio
MSNBC
NBC
PBS NewsHour
Reagan-Bush Campaign
Rebecca Tan
Ta Arr
The Courier-Journal
The Washington Post
Yahoo Finance
ORIGINAL PRODUCTION FUNDING PROVIDED BY
CPB, Abrams Foundation, Park Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, FRONTLINE Journalism Fund with major support from Jon and Jo Ann Hagler through the Jon L. Hagler Foundation, additional support from Koo and Patricia Yuen, committed to bridging cultural differences in our communities. Additional support for this program provided by the Jonathan Logan Family Foundation, empowering world-changing work.
FOR FRONTLINE
EDITOR & POST PRODUCTION COORDINATOR
Tim Meagher
SENIOR EDITOR
Barry Clegg
EDITOR
Brenna Verre
EDITORS
Christine Giordano
Alex LaGore
Joey Mullin
PRODUCTION ASSISTANT
Stevie Jones
FOR GBH OUTPOST
SENIOR DIRECTOR OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
Tim Mangini
SERIES MUSIC
Mason Daring
Martin Brody
EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT
Ellen O’Neill
OPERATIONS SPECIALIST
Will Farrell
DIRECTOR OF IMPACT AND EXTERNAL RELATIONS
Erika Howard
SENIOR DIGITAL WRITER
Patrice Taddonio
PUBLICITY & AUDIENCE ENGAGEMENT COORDINATOR
Julia Heffernan
DIGITAL PRODUCER / EDITOR
Tessa Maguire
MANAGER, PUBLIC RELATIONS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Anne Husted
PODCAST PRODUCER
Emily Pisacreta
ARCHIVES & RIGHTS MANAGER
John Campopiano
BUSINESS ASSOCIATE
Sean Gigliotti
FOR GBH LEGAL
Eric Brass
Suzy Carrington
Jay Fialkov
SENIOR CONTRACTS MANAGER
Gianna DeGiulio
BUSINESS MANAGER
Sue Tufts
BUSINESS DIRECTOR
Mary Sullivan
SENIOR DEVELOPER
Anthony DeLorenzo
LEAD DESIGNER FOR DIGITAL
Dan Nolan
FRONTLINE/COLUMBIA JOURNALISM SCHOOL FELLOWSHIPS
TOW JOURNALISM FELLOW
Kaela Malig
GOGGIN JOURNALISM FELLOW
Inci Sayki
FRONTLINE/NEWMARK JOURNALISM SCHOOL AT CUNY FELLOWSHIP
TOW JOURNALISM FELLOW
James O’Donnell
FRONTLINE/MISSOURI SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM FELLOWSHIP
MURRAY JOURNALISM FELLOW
Kelsey Rightnowar
FRONTLINE/FIRELIGHT INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM FELLOWS
Kevin Shaw
Débora Souza Silva
ARCHIVAL PRODUCER
Coral C. Salomón Bartolomei
EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS
Lauren Prestileo
Callie T. Wiser
SENIOR DIGITAL PRODUCER / EDITOR
Miles Alvord
SENIOR DOCUMENTARY EDITOR & PRODUCER
Michelle Mizner
DIGITAL EDITOR
Priyanka Boghani
STORY EDITOR & COORDINATING PRODUCER
Katherine Griwert
POST COORDINATING PRODUCER
Robin Parmelee
SENIOR EDITOR AT LARGE
Louis Wiley Jr.
FOUNDER
David Fanning
SPECIAL COUNSEL
Dale Cohen
DIRECTOR OF AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT
Maria Diokno
SENIOR PRODUCERS
Dan Edge
Frank Koughan
SENIOR EDITOR & DIRECTOR,
LOCAL JOURNALISM
Erin Texeira
SENIOR SERIES PRODUCER
Nina Chaudry
SENIOR EDITOR
INVESTIGATIONS
Lauren Ezell Kinlaw
MANAGING DIRECTOR
Janice Hui
MANAGING EDITOR
Andrew Metz
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER & EDITOR IN CHIEF
Raney Aronson-Rath
A FRONTLINE production with Kirk Documentary Group
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All Rights Reserved
FRONTLINE is a production of GBH which is solely responsible for its content.