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Vocabulary

affirmative action: efforts to improve the opportunities of minority groups and women

cultural identity: belonging to a particular ethnic or cultural group

elite: a small group that is considered socially superior

level the playing field: increase fairness by giving everyone the same opportunities

miscegenation: racially mixed marriages or relationships

mixed heritage: multiracial ancestry

quota: a limited part or proportional share that has been assigned to a group

self identify: how a person defines himself or herself in social or cultural terms

Resources

Web Sites

CIA World Factbook – Brazil

Official site for the University of Brasilia

Report from UN mission to study racism in Brazil, October 2005.

Books and Articles

Jeter, Jon. Affirmative Action Debate Forces Brazil to Take Look in the Mirror. Washington Post, June 16, 2003.

Telles, Edward Eric. Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004.

Sheriff, Robin E. Dreaming Equality: Color, Race, and Racism in Urban Brazil. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001.

Daniel, G. Reginald. Race and Multiraciality in Brazil and the United State: Converging Paths? Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.

Noble, Melissa. Shades of Citizenship: Race and the Census in Modern Politics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2000.