By — Nick Schifrin Nick Schifrin By — Dan Sagalyn Dan Sagalyn By — Zeba Warsi Zeba Warsi Leave your feedback Share Copy URL https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/civilians-in-crossfire-as-israeli-forces-and-hamas-battle-around-gazas-main-hospital Email Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Pinterest Tumblr Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Transcript Audio Israel claims a Hamas military command center is located beneath Gaza's Al-Shifa hospital. Monday, President Biden warned Israel to be "less intrusive" in its operations there as hundreds of patients and medical staff remain inside, facing dire conditions. Nick Schifrin reports on the legal arguments over whether the hospital and what's underneath it are legitimate targets. Read the Full Transcript Notice: Transcripts are machine and human generated and lightly edited for accuracy. They may contain errors. Amna Nawaz: Israel says, underneath Gaza's main hospital, Al Shifa, is a Hamas military command center. Today, President Biden warned Israel to be — quote — "less intrusive" in its operations there.Nick Schifrin reports on the legal arguments over whether the hospital and what's underneath it are legitimate military targets, even as hundreds of patients and medical staff remain inside facing dire conditions. Nick Schifrin: They were already the most vulnerable, and now they are helpless, babies in Gaza's Al Shifa Hospital born so prematurely they needed incubators to survive.But, today, they're warmed only by each other after the generators that powered the incubators ran out of fuel. Four were already orphans delivered by a Caesarean section after their mothers had died, said Dr. Medhat Abbas, a spokesman for the Hamas-run Gaza Health Ministry. DR. MEDHAT ABBAS, Gaza Health Ministry: This aluminum foil is just kept around the babies to protect them from the cold weather. Without having proper temperature for them, they immediately die. I hope, I hope that they will remain alive, despite the disaster in which this hospital is passing through. Nick Schifrin: Death is on the mind of everyone inside Shifa these days, where the hallways are lined with the injured. The doctors have no food or water. And the WHO said today Shifa was no longer functioning as a hospital. Fancoise Bouchet-Saulnier, Doctors Without Borders: There's no space for humanitarian negotiation in this conflict, which is unprecedented for us. Nick Schifrin: Fancoise Bouchet-Saulnier is the senior legal adviser for international humanitarian law at Doctors Without Borders, which she joined 35 years ago. Fancoise Bouchet-Saulnier: There's no drugs, no anesthesia, nothing. There's no water. So this, imposing a siege, a complete siege on humanitarian relief is a violation of humanitarian law.Col. Pnina Sharvit Baruch (RET.), Israeli Defense Forces: Hamas is using this fuel to fight us. It's only logical that, if there is no way to make sure that this fuel will get to the hospital, Israel will be supplying fuel to its enemies to fight against it. It won't get to the hospitals anyway.And that I don't think — the law doesn't say that you have to do that. The law has a logic. Nick Schifrin: Retired Colonel Pnina Sharvit Baruch was a legal adviser to the Israeli Defense Forces and is now with the Institute for National Security Studies.For Israel, Shifa is not just a hospital. Israeli, U.S. intelligence and reporters who have been called to meetings by Hamas officials in the hospital say it is a Hamas headquarters. Rear Adm. Daniel Hagari, Spokesperson, Israeli Defense Forces (through interpreter): Hamas has turned hospitals into command-and-control centers. Nick Schifrin: Last month, top Israeli military spokesman Admiral Daniel Hagari showed what he called an illustration of Hamas' tunnels under Shifa Hospital. Rear Adm. Daniel Hagari: Hamas uses Shifa Hospital as a shield for Hamas terror infrastructure. Hamas wages war from hospitals. Nick Schifrin: That's an allegation that Hamas quickly denied. Salama Marouf, Hamas Government Media Office: The Israelis have failed to provide a single piece of evidence to prove that this facility has tunnels underneath or any command center underneath. Nick Schifrin: And no matter what's underneath, international humanitarian law protects the hospital's doctors and patients, says Bouchet-Saulnier. Fancoise Bouchet-Saulnier: The hospital cannot lose this protection if some patients and doctors remains inside. I mean that the parties are not relieved of their duty to take all precautions to ensure that the military advantage they will obtain through pursuing their attack will not affect the patient, the doctors and the civilian in a way that is disproportionate with the military advantage. Rear Adm. Daniel Hagari: We're now entering into the area of the hospital where we had found the evidence. Nick Schifrin: But Israel argues the military advantage is vital and Hamas hides its military assets in multiple hospitals. Today, Hagari visited the Rantisi Hospital and showed what he called evidence of Hamas fighters, motorcycles they used on October 7 and where they kept hostages. Rear Adm. Daniel Hagari: A woman, clothes and a rope, a rope next to the legs. And look above this. Look above it. It's a baby bottle. Col. Pnina Sharvit Baruch: Well, hospitals have special protected status under international humanitarian law, but they can lose the status when they are actually used by the enemy forces. You still need to give an advance warning telling the enemy to stop the military use before attacking the hospital.But if the enemy continues to do so, then a hospital can also become a lawful military target. Nick Schifrin: An active-duty Israeli military legal adviser told "PBS NewsHour" today it had provided — quote — "more than ample warning," including by speaking directly to hospital administrators, opening corridors so civilians who had been living on the Shifa compound could leave, and delaying its ground operation.But it's not only questions of law. Israel must also take into account international political pressure, including from its most important ally today.Joe Biden, President of the United States: It's my hope and expectation that there will be less intrusive action relative to the hospital. Nick Schifrin: Tonight, Israel surrounds the hospital. As it decides what to do next, there are still thousands of Gazans living on the Shifa compound who could be caught in the crossfire.For the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Nick Schifrin. Listen to this Segment Watch Watch the Full Episode PBS NewsHour from Nov 13, 2023 By — Nick Schifrin Nick Schifrin Nick Schifrin is PBS NewsHour’s Foreign Affairs and Defense Correspondent. He leads NewsHour’s daily foreign coverage, including multiple trips to Ukraine since the full-scale invasion, and has created weeklong series for the NewsHour from nearly a dozen countries. The PBS NewsHour series “Inside Putin’s Russia” won a 2017 Peabody Award and the National Press Club’s Edwin M. Hood Award for Diplomatic Correspondence. In 2020 Schifrin received the American Academy of Diplomacy’s Arthur Ross Media Award for Distinguished Reporting and Analysis of Foreign Affairs. He was a member of the NewsHour teams awarded a 2021 Peabody for coverage of COVID-19, and a 2023 duPont Columbia Award for coverage of Afghanistan and Ukraine. Prior to PBS NewsHour, Schifrin was Al Jazeera America's Middle East correspondent. He led the channel’s coverage of the 2014 war in Gaza; reported on the Syrian war from Syria's Turkish, Lebanese and Jordanian borders; and covered the annexation of Crimea. He won an Overseas Press Club award for his Gaza coverage and a National Headliners Award for his Ukraine coverage. From 2008-2012, Schifrin served as the ABC News correspondent in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In 2011 he was one of the first journalists to arrive in Abbottabad, Pakistan, after Osama bin Laden’s death and delivered one of the year’s biggest exclusives: the first video from inside bin Laden’s compound. His reporting helped ABC News win an Edward R. Murrow award for its bin Laden coverage. Schifrin is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a board member of the Overseas Press Club Foundation. He has a Bachelor’s degree from Columbia University and a Master of International Public Policy degree from the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS). @nickschifrin By — Dan Sagalyn Dan Sagalyn As the deputy senior producer for foreign affairs and defense at the PBS NewsHour, Dan plays a key role in helping oversee and produce the program’s foreign affairs and defense stories. His pieces have broken new ground on an array of military issues, exposing debates simmering outside the public eye. @DanSagalyn By — Zeba Warsi Zeba Warsi Zeba Warsi is a foreign affairs producer, based in Washington DC. She's a Columbia Journalism School graduate with an M.A. in Political journalism. She was one of the leading members of the NewsHour team that won the 2024 Peabody award for News for our coverage of the war in Gaza and Israel. @Zebaism